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WWR711S-WATER AND WETLAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - 1st Opp - JUNE 2022 |
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nAmlBIA un1VERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
Faculty of Health, Applied Science and Natural Resources
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUREAND NATURAL RESOURCESSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (NATURE CONSERVATION)
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BNTC
COURSE CODE: WWR711S
LEVEL: 7
COURSE NAME: Water and Wetland Resources
Management
DATE: June 2022
DURATION: 3 HOURS
SESSION: June
MARKS: 150
EXAMINER(S)
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
Mr R. Kavari
MODERATOR:
Mrs. N. Nashipili
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. Examination question paper
2. Answering book
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 4 PAGES (Including this front page)
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QUESTION 1
Terminology
Define the following terminologies, using realistic examples from Namibia or Southern
Africa:
1.1
Integrated Water Resources Management
(2)
1.2
Wetlands
(2)
1.3
Flood dynamics
(2)
1.4
Water desalination
(2)
1.5
Estuarine wetland
(2)
1.6
Linear Oasis
(2)
1.7
Endoreic river
(2)
1.8
Catchment
(2)
1.9
Hypogean groundwater
(2)
1.10 lmpoundment
(2)
[20]
QUESTION 2
Namibia's Water Resources
2.1
Explain why it is imperative to manage water and wetland resources in a
country such as Namibia.
(5)
2.2
You are part of Namibia's delegate to a WaterNet 23rd Symposium, the topic of
your presentation is "Namibia's progress in Water and Wetland Resources
Management". Give us the main points that you are going to discuss with the
audience at this symposium.
(8)
2.3
Briefly explain why Namibia's climate is arid.
(2)
2.4
One of the climate drivers is rainfall. How will you describe rainfall occurrence in
Namibia to tourists visiting from other countries?
(3)
2.5
Explain how water deficit is determined and why Namibia has a water deficit.
(2)
[20]
QUESTION 3
Ramsar Convention
3.1
What are the functions of Ramsar Convention?
(5)
3.2
The Ramsar Representative from Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism
has requested you to motivate (in tabular format) why the Karst sinkholes and
caves, would qualify as future Ramsar site, under the Ramsar category "Karst
and other subterranean Hydrological systems". Prepare the table, showing five
relevant criteria and how the Karst sinkholes and caves meet each.
(10)
[15]
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QUESTION 4
Coastal Wetlands
4.1
Explain the natural process that contributes to the rich surface water of the
west coast (Atlantic Ocean) of Namibia. In your answer, clearly indicate how this
process create richness in the surface water of this west coast.
(7)
4.2
Explain the process of sulphur eruption at Namibia's west coast and state its
effects on supply of desalinated sea water at the coastal areas of Namibia.
(10)
4.3
Briefly discuss the conservation issues in the desert coastal wetlands of
(3)
Namibia.
[20]
QUESTION 5
Riverine Wetlands
5.1
Explain why the Orange River is considered as the most regulated basin in
Southern Africa? Provide examples to cite where and how the river is regulated. (4)
5.2
Joseph Mbambangandu conservancy is the only conservancy where the
Okavango River passes. According to the committee members consulted, the
conservancy has proclaimed areas as protected fish reserves. Discuss the
advantage of such initiative to the Okavango River biodiversity chain.
(7)
5.3
Explain how the lodges established on the banks of certain riverine systems can
contribute positively to improve the management of water and wetland
resources.
(5)
5.4
You are a manager of the 'Sikondo Green Scheme farm' (irrigation scheme)
along the Okavango River; a group of visiting Natural Resources Management
students from NUST ask you to answer the following questions:
a) What is the aim of a green scheme?
(2)
b) Where and how does Sikondo green scheme farm get its water? Also,
provide the water conservation and management initiatives
implemented at Sikondo green scheme farm.
(3)
c) Discuss the effect (with regard to water and wetland resources) of a
green scheme the Okavango River Basin?
(5)
5.5
If you were to oversee the Kunene hydropower scheme/project, how would you
ensure that such a project is carried out in a sustainable manner (from an
environmental, social and economic perspective)? In your conclusion, include a
brief outcome of the feasibility study, based on the video you watched in class. (9)
5.6
Discuss any five conservation issues facing ephemeral rivers in Namibia and
their functions.
(5)
[40]
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QUESTION 6
Lacustrine Wetlands
6.1
Clearly explain how sinkhole lake and caves are formed. In addition, discuss how
the formation of lakes and caves enhance groundwater recharge in the Karst
area in Namibia.
(7)
6.2
Name and discuss the different layers in a stratified impoundments in summer. (8)
[15]
QUESTION 7
Palustrine Wetlands
7.1 Explain how certain crustacea species are adapted to living in ephemeral rainwater (5)
pools.
7.2 Briefly, discuss the conservation status of palustrine wetland systems in Namibia.
Indicate the type of palustrine wetland and where they are protected in Namibia and
other countries in the cases of trans-boundary shared river basins.
(5)
[10]
QUESTION 8
Integrated Water Resources Management
8.1 What are the main functions of a River Basin Management Committee (RBMC)?
(3)
8.2 Clearly explain to community members living in the Kavango Region how a Mini-SASS
sampling technique is carried out and for what purpose.
(7)
[10]
End
TOTAL [150]
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