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MAP512S - MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY - 2ND OPP - JANUARY 2024 |
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,;::.:..":';I
~~tl,.~ n Am I 8 I A Un, VER S ITY
, OF SCIEnCE AnDTECHnOLOGY
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FacultyofHealth,Natural
ResourceasndApplied
Sciences
Schoolof HealthSciences
Departmentof Preventative
HealthSciences
13JacksonKau)euaStreet
Private Bai::73388
Windhoek
NAivllBIA
T: +264Gl 2g70
F: •264 612079g70
E: dphs@nust.na
\\1V:WW'IJ.nost.na
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BOHS
LEVEL:5
COURSE: MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
COURSECODE: MAP512S
DATE: JANUARY 2024
DURATION: 3 HOUR
SESSION: 1
MARKS: 100
SUPPLEMENTARY /SECOND OPPORTUNITY: QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
MODERATOR:
Dr Renatus Peter Shilangale
Dr Lara; Aku-Akai
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer all questions on the separate answer sheet.
2. Pleasewrite neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS:
1. Non-Programmable Calculator
ATTACHEMENTS
1. None
This paper consists of 6 pages including this front page
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FECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE AND TRU~ /FALSE._....,..____ _,__
[30M~
QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
(10 MARKS]
Evaluatethe statements in each numbered section and select the most appropriate answer or phrase
from the given possibilities. Fill in the appropriate letter next to the number of the correct
statement/phrase on your ANSWERSHEET.
1.1 It is a science of classifying life according to shared characteristics
1.2 Lives and reproduces only in the absence of oxygen
1.3 Transfer of harmful microorganisms or their microscopic stages (eggs,
larvae) from one source to another
1.4 Lives in the presence of oxygen and without oxygen (can live in both
environments)
1.5 Reducing the number of pathogenic microorganisms to the point where
they no longer cause diseases.
1.6 Heat treatment that kills endospores of Clostridium botulinum the
causative agent of botulism, in canned food.
1.7 Those bacteria that is capable of causing illness in persons consuming the
food.
1.8 The process of treating and handling food to stop or slow down spoilage
and thus allow to prolong the shelf life of food.
1.9 An agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria, but does not necessarily kill
them.
1.10 Organisms that can be transmitted to susceptible hosts and cause disease
A. Anaerobic
B. Facultative anaerobes
C. Cross-contamination
D. Disinfection
E. Bacteriostatic Agent
F. Taxonomy
G. Food preservation
H. Commercial Sterilization
I. Infectious agent
J. Foodborne pathogens
CourseName (CourseCode)
1st opportunity November 2023
2
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QUESTION 2: TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
(10 MARKS]
Evaluate the statements and select whether the statement is true or false. Write the word
'True' or 'False' next to the corresponding number on your ANSWERSHEET.
2.1 Unlike Eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cell is a cell lacking nucleus.
2.2 A single cell (microorganism) can reproduce without interaction of other
organism.
2.3 Some Archaea halophiles which are known to live in survive or live in
extreme acid conditions i.e. pH < 2.0
2.4 Diplococci - Cells divide in one plane and remain attached predominately
in pairs, e.g. pneumococci.
2.5 Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic known as Penicillin
which belongs to the Penicillium genus by accident.
2.6 Viruses cannot reproduce outside a host cell and cannot metabolize on
their own.
2.7 Zoonotic Diseases is an infectious disease that is transmitted between
species from animals to humans (or from humans to animals).
2.8 The germ theory of disease suggested that it was the unclean, unhealthy
air that was causing disease.
2.9 Microorganisms that grow at low refrigeration temperatures are also
known as mesophilic.
2.10 'Parasites' are organisms that derive nourishment and protection from
other living organisms known as 'hosts'.
QUESTION 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
(10 MARKS]
Evaluate the statements in each numbered section and select the most appropriate answer
or phrase from the given possibilities. Write only the appropriate letter next to the question
in the ANSWERSHEETprovided.
Course Name (Course Code)
1st Opportunity November 2023
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3.1 Which of the following individuals is credited for definitively refuting the
theory of spontaneous generation using broth in swan-neck flask?
(A) Aristotle
(B)Jan Baptista van Helmont
(C) John Needham
(D) Louis Pasteur
3.2 Which of the following developed a set of postulates for determining whether a
particular disease is caused by a particular pathogen?
(A)John Snow
(B) Robert Koch
(C) Joseph Lister
(D) Louis Pasteur
3.3 Which of the following terms refers to a prokaryotic cell that is rod shaped?
(A) Cocci
(B) Comma forms
(C) Bacilli
(D) Plermophic forms
(E) Spirochaetes
3.4 The Rapid bacterial growth phase in the microbial growth curve is known as;
(A) Log phase
(B) Lag phase
(C) Stationary phase
(D) Death phase
(E) None of the above
3.5 Salt and sugar preserve foods because they;
(A)Make the sour and sweet at the same time
(B)Produce a hypotonic environment
(C)Deplete all the nutrients
(D)Produce a hypertonic environment
(E)Make them acid.
Course Name (Course Code)
1st Opportunity November 2023
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3.6 The germ theory of disease states that:
(A) Microorganisms can spontaneously arise in debilitated hosts
(B) Microorganisms that invade other organisms can cause disease in those organisms
(C) Microorganisms do not cause infectious diseases
(D) Not all microorganisms are harmful
(E) Malaria is caused by bad air
3.7 The word Decontamination means;
(A) Removing toxins
(B) Sterilization
(C) Cleaning with water
(D) Killing microorganisms
(E) Bactericide.
3.8 An example of a malaria specie is?
(A) Entamoeba histolytica
(B) Giardia lamblia
(C) Plasmodium falciparum
(D) Amoebae
(E) None of the above
3.9 Microorganisms are useful in different industrial use including the following;
(A) Production of medicinal products
(B) Food production
(C) Pollution cleanup
(D) All of the above
3.10 The pasteurization process does which of the following in milk?
(A) It kills all microbes.
(B) It kills microbial pathogens that might be present in milk.
(C) It inactivates viruses
(D) It kills all bacterial spores
Course Name (Course Code)
1'1Opportunity November 2023
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(E) It sterilizes milk.
SECTIONB: SHORT LONG ANSWER -UESTIONS
Please answer ALL of the questions in this section.
70MARKS 1
QUESTION 4
[20 MARKS]
4.1 There are activities (characteristics) which make organisms
(living organisms) different from non-living things. Explain 5 characteristics of
living organisms
[10]
4.2 What is Spontaneous generation? Give example.
[2]
4.3 What is the difference between the Ectoparasites and Endoparasites?
[3]
4.4 Outline the 5 Virus life cycle (lytic cycle).
[SJ
QUESTION 5
5.1 What is the definition of fermentation?
5.2 What is probiotics?
5.3 Explain the 3 benefits of fermentation in food.
[10 MARKS]
[2]
[2]
[6]
QUESTION 6
(10 MARKS]
6.1 To control microbial growth, one would apply different physical methods
depending on the product or material in question. Briefly discuss "Heat" as
a physical method that can be used to control microbial growth.
[10]
6.2 What is food contamination?
[2]
6.3 Briefly discuss 4 different types of food contamination
[8]
6.4 Define Ecosystem and explain its 2 main components.
[4]
6.5 Briefly, explain 3 different types of symbiosis?
[6]
6.6 Suppose you went to a village for a house visit and found complaints of
food borne illness among the villagers. What possible ways of food
contamination do you suspect and how will you teach the villagers
about them?
[10]
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END OF QUESTION PAPER
Course Name (Course Code}
1st opportunity November 2023
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