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NRS711S - NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2024 |
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n Am I BI A u n IVE Rs ITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF REGIONALAND RURALDEVELOPMENT
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 07BRAR
COURSECODE:
NRS711S
DATE:
JUNE 2024
LEVEL:
COURSE
NAME:
PAPER:
7
CREDITS: 12
NATURAL RESOURCESMANAGEMENT
AND SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT
THEORY
DURATION:
3 HOURS MARKS:
100
FIRSTOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER: Marina Coetzee
MODERATOR: Reinhold Mangundu
1. Answer ALL the questions.
INSTRUCTIONS
2. Read the entire question paper before answering the questions.
3. Questions may be answered in any sequence, provided that they are numbered clearly
and correctly.
4. Write clearly and legibly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
Pen, ruler, pencil and eraser
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 12 QUESTIONSAND 8 PAGES(including this front page)
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS7115
Question 1:
Select the single CORRECTanswer to each of the following questions. Just write down the
number, e.g. (a) D.
(a)
Which one of the following does not fit within the concept of sustainable
development?
A Inter-generational equity
B Living beyond environmental limits
C Democratic, transparent, inclusive and accountable governance
D Use of renewable resources within their regenerative capacity
E Decision-making based on robust, credible scientific evidence
(1)
(b)
One outcome of the first 'Rio Conference' in 1992 was the adoption of ...
A the Paris Agreement
B the UN Agenda 2030
C the Helsinki Rules
D the Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol
E the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(1)
(c)
The UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ...
A is a programme with development targets to reach by 2015
B encompasses 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
C is a blueprint for industrialisation
D is a framework for sustainable development during the 21st Century
E is a legally binding treaty to address ecosystem degradation
(1)
(d)
Anthroponoses are diseases that ...
A are caused by modern diets that are too rich in animal proteins
B are endemic to animal populations
C are only found in overcrowded zoos
D circulate within the human population and can jump species to animals
E are transmitted from animals to humans
(1)
(e)
Which one is not a target of SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being)?
A Decrease in injuries and deaths from traffic accidents
B Access to healthcare services, medicines and vaccines
C Decrease in illnesses and deaths from environmental pollution and hazardous
chemicals
D Prevention and treatment of drug and alcohol abuse
E Population reduction by imposing a global one-child-per-family policy
(1)
pt Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2023
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS711S
(f)
Delimitation of territorial waters, exclusive economic zones, continental shelves,
etc., is under the authority of the ....
A Namibian Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources
B UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
C International Seabed Authority
D UN Deepsea Mining Authority
E MARPOL
{1)
(g)
Local horticultural production in Namibia is supported by ...
A transport subsidies
B import restrictions on some fruits and vegetables at certain times of the year when
there is sufficient local supply
C export subsidies
D plans to dismantle the veterinary cordon fence ('Red Line')
E infant-industry protection for the chicken industry
(1)
(h)
Nationally Determined Contributions is a term to describe ....
A compulsory emission reduction commitments under the Kyoto Protocol
B in-kind contributions from developing countries to leverage adaptation funding
C financial commitments by developed countries to the Green Climate Fund
D voluntary commitments, identified by countries themselves, to reduce their
greenhouse gas emissions
E the greenhouse gassesemitted by each country, as a percentage of total global
emissions
(1)
( i)
The idea that a developing country can bypass outdated, inefficient or polluting
technologies and move directly to efficient, cost-effective and green technologies is
known as ...
A the Fourth Industrial Revolution
B leapfrogging
C the lifecycle approach
D sustainability
E the circular economy
(1)
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2023
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS711S
(j)
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ...
A extracts factual information on climate change from scientific publications to inform
and advise policymakers
B drafts policies to be approved by the UNFCCCCOP
C arranges climate financing for adaptation projects of developing countries
D prescribes to the UNFCCCConference of Parties how they must implement the
articles of the Convention
E is a group of scientists employed by the World Meteorological Organisation
(1)
[10)
Question 2:
(a)
Compile your own comprehensive definition of sustainable development, including
clear descriptions of its three pillars.
(4)
(b)
Briefly explain the 'Planetary Boundaries' concept.
(4)
[8]
Question 3:
(a)
Discussthe impacts that infrastructure improvements, such as roads and electricity,
have on poverty reduction in rural areas.
(4)
(b)
What can the Namibian government do to encourage entrepreneurship as a way to
reduce poverty?
(3)
(c)
How can sustainable agricultural practices contribute to poverty reduction in
developing countries?
(4)
[11]
Question 4:
(a)
Reflect on the need to maintain genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants, farmed
and domesticated animals, and their related wild species, as expressed in target 2.5
of Sustainable Development Goal 2 (No Hunger).
(5)
1st Opportunity Examination
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June 2023
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS711S
(b)
List four (4) of the environmental challenges to food production that smallholder
farmers in northern Namibia are grappling with.
(4)
[9]
Question 5:
Discussapproaches (strategies) that would enhance sustainable consumption and production
globally. (Hint: Use the targets of SDG12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) as a
point of departure)
(6)
[G]
Question 6:
(a)
How can town planning contribute to the environmental, social and economic
sustainability of cities? (Hint: Consider the aspects that make a city environmentally
sustainable, livable, economically vibrant, socially equitable, etc.)
(6)
(b)
Discussthe co-benefits that green public open spaces in a city have for both the
environment and citizens. Be specific.
(4)
[10]
Question 7:
Explore the links between human health issues and the pressures that human activities put
on wildlife and ecosystems. Use very specific examples to support your arguments.
(6)
[G]
Question 8:
What has Namibia done at policy and institutional level to prepare for climate change and to
meet commitments under international agreements?
(5)
[S]
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2023
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS7115
Question 9:
(a)
What role do oceans play in regulating the Earth's climate?
(3)
(b)
Why is reducing marine pollution crucial for sustainable development?
(2)
(c)
What is unique about the conservation status of the Namibian coastline?
(1)
(d)
In what ways does intensive agriculture affect marine ecosystems?
(2)
[8]
Question 10:
(a)
How do the efforts to protect biodiversity contribute to overall sustainable
development, as envisioned by SDG 15 (Life on Land)?
(4)
(b)
What is the significance of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services {IPBES)for SDG 15?
(2)
[6]
Question 11:
(a)
Specify four (4) stakeholders in the Namibian electricity supply industry and explain
their respective roles.
(4 marks for stakeholders, 4 marks for their roles)
(8)
(b)
Namibians are using solar energy in at least three (3) different ways as an energy
source. Elaborate on this statement.
(3)
[11)
Question 12
Match each term in Column 1 with the appropriate description in Column 2. Write down only
the capital letter from Column 2 next to the small letter from Column 1, for example (a) D.
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2023
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
NRS711S
Column 1
Column 2
(a)
Natality
A
Weight loss due to malnutrition
(b)
Wasting
B
(c)
Human
Development Index C
Exponential increase in resource use and waste
generation since the Industrial Revolution
Namibia's hydroelectric power station
(d)
Great Acceleration D
Inadequate linear growth due to malnutrition
(e)
Ruacana
E
(f)
Deceleration phase F
of population
growth
G
(g)
International Seabed
Authority
H
(h)
Biocapacity
( i)
UNEP
J
(j)
The Green
Revolution
K
UN agency dealing with global health issues
A composite measure of life expectancy, education
and gross national income
Immigration rate of a population
The move from fossil fuels to renewable energy
sources
The variety of lifeforms on Earth
UN agency dealing with cities and human habitation
Linear increase in fertilizer production, greenhouse
gas emissions, and global trade since the
introduction of steam- and petroleum-driven
machinery
L
Population growth is suppressed as intra-species
competition increases and resources become more
limited
M
Vitamin deficiencies due to malnutrition
N
The number of people that Earth can support
indefinitely without deterioration of ecosystem
functioning
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Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
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0
The massive increase in food production during the
1950s to 1970s
P
UN agency dealing with environmental issues
Q
A measure of income or wealth inequality between
the richest and poorest people in a country
R
Namibia's largest solar power station
S
Populations crash catastrophically when they run
out of resources
T
Regulator of offshore mineral exploration and
mining, beyond the limits of national jurisdictions
U
Death rate of a population
V
Birth rate of a population
W
The growth of the global environmental movement
X
UN agency responsible for regulating shipping
(10)
[10]
TOTAL: 100
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