Local Economic Development
QUESTION 1
State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
LED 5208S
a) Poverty is the state of someone who lacks a certain amount of material possessions.
(1)
b) Vulnerability is how different people or families are likely to fall into poverty or remain poor.
(1)
c) There are no publications on poverty in Namibia to enable one to understand the state
of poverty in the country.
(1)
d) Micro-enterprises are not uniform and cover a wide range of economic activities.
(1)
[4]
QUESTION 2
In a table format, list the differences between the formal sector and informal sector in relation to their
characteristics.
(12)
[12]
QUESTION 3
The Namibian government has mandated the Ministry of Urban and Rural Development to formulate a Local
Economic Development White paper at national level. Discuss the role that the Government ought to play in
support of the local development initiatives as highlighted in the White paper.
(10)
[10]
QUESTION 4
South Africa had a distinct regional planning policy regarding settlement patterns with all residential areas
underpinned by racial segregation. Name various policies and legal instruments that had directly contributed
to the local economic development debate in South Africa.
(8)
[3]
QUESTION 5
a) Social transfer programs in developing countries are designed to contribute to poverty reduction by
increasing the income of the poor in order to ensure minimal living standards. Describe the key arguments
on the importance of social transfer programs.
(8)
b) Gonzalez-Gorman et al (2018) asserts that economic development and affordable housing are
two important goals for the city administration, pursuing both values are challenging due to
their conflicting policy nature. Discuss the three policy types that play a key role in influencing
city policymaking.
(18)
[26]
Supplementary/ Second Opportunity Exam Paper
Page 2 of 3
January 2020