PAB811S - PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - 2DN OPP - JULY 2023 :: NUST past examination papers between 2020 and 2024

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PAB811S - PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - 2DN OPP - JULY 2023

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PAB811S - PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - 2DN OPP - JULY 2023

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nAm I BIA UnlVERSITY

OFSCIEnCEAno TECHnOLOGY

FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURALRESOURCES

SCHOOLOF NATURALAND APPLIEDSCIENCES

DEPARTMENTOF BIOLOGY,CHEMISTRYAND PHYSICS

QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF SCIENCEHONOURS

QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BOSH

COURSECODE: PAB811S

LEVEL:8

COURSENAME: PLANT AND ANIMAL

BIOTECHNOLOGY

SESSION:JULY 2023

PAPER:THEORY

DURATION: 3 HOURS

MARKS: 110

SUPPLEMENTARY/ SECONDOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER

EXAMINER

DR JEYA KENNEDY

MODERATOR: DR JUAN VORSTER

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Answer ALL the questions

2. Write clearly and neatly

3. Number the answers clearly

4. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink

5. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed

6. Draw diagrams wherever necessary

PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS

None

THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 6 PAGES

(Including this front page)

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QUESTION1: MULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS

[15]

• There are 15 multiple choice questions in this section. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Answer ALLquestions by selecting the LETTERwith the correct answer.

1.1 Fruit juice or coconut milk is added to plant tissue culture media because;

(a) It is a source of micronutrients

(b) It is a source of macronutrients

(d) It helps in maintaining pH of the media

1.2 Cybrids are produced by;

(a) Fusion of two different nuclei from two different species

(b) Fusion of two same nuclei from same species

(d) None of the above

1.3 Plant cells cannot be preserved by cryopreservation because

(a) The chloroplasts in plant cells are denatured by super high temperature

(b) Water stored in vacuole of plant cells form ice crystal in freeze and thaw

(d) The biological reaction of plant cells cannot be stopped by cryopreservation

1.4 Why is CO2often used in an incubator to culture mammalian cells?

(a) To control oxygen consumption

(b) To control or prevent viral/bacterial contamination

(d) To control the pH

1.5 The medical product that is produced by the pacific sponge is known as;

(a) Ziconotide

(b) Calcitonin

(d) Manoalide

1.6 Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of_______

(a) Fish

(b) Cow

(d) Mice

1.7 How can you solve building up of toxic metabolites in the medium? (A) remove

medium and add fresh medium (B) use antibiotics (C) use RPMl-1640 medium with

fetal bovine serum

(a) A and B

(b)BandC

(d) None of the above

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1.8 Artificial Insemination; (A) increase the frequency of desirable characteristics (B)

produces two superior animals (C) mixing of the genetic material from two parents

(D) exact duplicate of an adult with known characteristics

(a) A& B

(b) B, C & D

(d) A&C

1.9 Cells that do not attach normally to a substrate but remain in suspension with a

spherical shape;

(a) Epithelial like

(b) Lymphoblast like

(d) Trophoblast like

1.10 An example for mammalian tissue culture media.

(a) Luria Bertani media

(b) Yeast Peptone Dextrose media

(d) Dulbecco's Modified Eagle media

1.11 Which of the following chemical enhances vir gene expression;

(a) Cyanidin

(b) Glutenin

(d) Dextran

1.12 Why are fish in fish farm susceptible to diseases and stress?

(a) Little genetic diversity and disease resistance

(b) Fish are more susceptible to stress and disease caused by bacterial and viral

pathogens

(d) All the above is correct

1.13 Why are detection kits or vaccines developed?

(a) To detect problem in water supplies that are contaminated because of

inadequate sewage treatment facilities

(b) To detect a number of pathogens that pose serious threats to fish raised by

aquaculture

(d) All of them

1.14 A hybridoma cell;

(a) Produces different types of antibodies against different types of antigens

(b) Produces only specific antibodies only against a specific antigen

(d) None of the above

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1.15 Name the scientist who extracted Insulin from dog's pancreas.

(a} Banting and Best

(b} Hirs, Moore and Stein

(c} Fredrick Sanger

(d} Kohler and Milstein

QUESTION 2: FILLIN THE BLANKS

[10)

The number of marks is given in brackets () at the end of each question

2.1 Temperature of plant culture room is maintained between________

(1}

2.2 Sub culturing of cells can be started at which phase of cell growth at the end of

____

phase.

(1}

2.3 Gene-cloning techniques to mass-produce ______

gives shrimp their pink colour.

_, the pigment that

(1}

2.4 A hand held antibody test kit developed for to detect ______

in oysters. (1}

2.5 In stem cell method, microinjections are done in the _____

stage.

(1}

2.6 Synthetic seed is produced by encapsulating somatic embryo with

-------

and -----

(2}

2.7 Animal and human cancers are strikingly similar, information gleaned from one

species might be used to treat the other. For example, the ______

gene

found in 65% of human breast tumours is similar to the gene in dogs. Randomized

trials in both dogs and humans have shown that ________

of a tumour

site combined with radiation can be more effective in local tumour control than

radiation therapy alone. (2)

QUESTION 3: ONE-SENTENCEANSWERS

[10)

Each answer carries one mark

3.1 The soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects plants at a wound site. What is

the signal that activates the vir locus as a result of the wound?

3.2 Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita?

3.3 What is the diameter of microinjections glass needle is used to insert transgenic DNA

into the male pronucleus?

3.4 How many hours the Zebrafish eggs complete embryogenesis?

3.5 Name the most widely used chemical for protoplast fusion, as fusogens.

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3.6 Which factor helps transgenic salmon grow faster?

3.7 What are triploid species?

3.8 What is the other name for super pig?

3.9 What is the function of opines in A. tumefaciens related to T-DNA?

3.10 What does the HATmedium abbreviation stand for?

QUESTION 4: SHORT QUESTIONS

[27)

The number of marks is given in brackets {) at the end of each question

4.1 Distinguish between the pair of dedifferentiation and differentiation.

(2)

4.2 What is an explant? What are the types of explants used in Plant Tissue Culture? (2)

4.3 Give reason why rats are superior to mice for drug toxicity.

(3)

4.4 Give reason for the low concentration of viruses in apical meristems.

(3)

4.5 Describe two innovations methods of fish farming.

(2)

4.6 What are biofilms? Give examples of biofilms in aquatic environments as well as

humans. Explain how scientists are looking to marine organisms as a natural way

to minimize biofilming.

(5)

4.7 What conditions do plant cells need to multiply in vitro?

(5)

4.8 Write some advantages of callus culturing?

(5)

QUESTION 5: LONGER QUESTIONS

[18)

The number of marks is given in brackets {) at the end of each question

6.1 A student working in cell culture was not able to perform his experiments

because of poor cell growth. Can you help him by suggesting the possible

reasons for the problem?

(6)

6.2 Discussthe merits and demerits of particle bombardment method of genetic

transformation.

(6)

6.3 Explain the health of aquatic organism and the safety of the seafood supply.

(6)

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QUESTION6: ESSAYQUESTIONS

[30]

6.1 As a research scholar you have been given a task to write the procedure of

isolating protoplasts culture from the plant leaf cells. Briefly state the necessary

steps in order for you to consider when writing this project and mention its

application.

(15)

6.2 Explain the process involved in the production of transgenes that are cloned

and then introduced directly in the fertilized eggs by microinjection and discuss

its various advantages and disadvantages.

(15)

THE END