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ARR720S - APPLIED REGIONAL AND RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - 2ND OPP - JULY 2024 |
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nAm I BI A UnlVE RSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF ENGINEERINGAND THE BUILTENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENTOF ARCHITECTUREP, LANNINGAND CONSTRUCTION
QUALIFICATION:BACHELOR OF REGIONAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
QUALIFICATIONCode: 07BRAR
LEVEL:7
COURSECODE:ARR720S
COURSENAME: APPLIED REGIONAL AND RURAL
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
DATE: JULY 2024
PAPER:1
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY/ SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER($) Dr. Nico Sisinyize
MODERATOR: Ms Naita Kamho
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Question 1, consist of multiple-choice questions, you must choose one correct answer
from the options provided.
3. Read all the questions carefully before answering.
4. Number the answers clearly
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 6 PAGES
{Including this front page)
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Applied Regionaland Rural Economic Development
ARR720S
QUESTION 1
a) How can SM Esfacilitate the development of local supply chains and value-added networks in
regional economies?
(1)
1. By importing goods and services from other countries
2. By collaborating with local suppliers and producers
3. By outsourcing production to international firms
4. By prioritizing cost-cutting measures over quality and sustainability
b) Which of the following sectors is often dominated by SM Es in many regional economies? (1)
1. Heavy manufacturing
2. Information technology
3. Informal sector
4. Financial services
c) What role can SME clusters play in promoting regional development?
(1)
1. They can lead to increased competition and market saturation.
2. They facilitate knowledge sharing, innovation, and economies of scale.
3. They discourage entrepreneurship and inhibit business growth.
4. They contribute to environmental degradation and resource depletion.
d) Which of the following best defines income inequality?
(1)
1. Unequal distribution of wealth among individuals or households in a society
2. Differences in purchasing power across different regions.
3. The variation in educational attainment within a population
4. Disparities in access to healthcare services
e) What role can infrastructure development play in rural economic development in
Namibia?
(1)
1. Hindrance to economic growth
2. Facilitation of market access and trade
3. Encouragement of rural emigration
4. Impediment to technological advancement
f) How is poverty typically defined in Namibia?
(1)
1. Lack of access to modern technology
2. Insufficient income to meet basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing
3. Limited access to recreational activities
4. Low levels of political participation
g) How does gender inequality impact economic development?
(1)
1. Gender inequality promotes economic growth by increasing labour market flexibility.
2. Gender inequality has no impact on economic development.
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Applied Regionaland RuralEconomicDevelopment
ARR720S
3. Gender inequality hinders economic growth by limiting the full participation of
women in the workforce.
4. Gender inequality reduces income disparities within a society.
h) What distinguishes the informal sector from the formal sector in regional
development?
(1)
1. The level of government intervention and regulation
2. The size of businesses and enterprises involved
3. The extent of financial resources and access to credit
4. The degree of formality in employment arrangements and business operations
i) Which of the following government programmes in Namibia aims to address poverty and
inequality by providing cash transfers to vulnerable households?
(1)
1. Growth at Home Strategy
2. National Development Plans
3. Namibian Basic Income Grant
4. SME Financing Scheme
j) How does the Namibian Government's Green Scheme Initiative contribute to local economic
development?
(1)
1. By promoting sustainable agriculture and irrigation projects in rural areas
2. By implementing environmental protection measures and conservation programmes
3. By incentivizing renewable energy projects and green technology innovation
4. By establishing eco-tourism initiatives and wildlife conservancies
k) Which of the following is an essential component of effective local economic development
planning?
(1)
1. Exclusively focusing on attracting foreign investment
2. Ignoring the needs and preferences of local communities
3. Engaging stakeholders and fostering collaboration among various actors
4. Implementing top-down policies without community input
I) How can strategic planning contribute to successful local economic development
initiatives?
(1)
1. By adopting short-term, reactive approaches to address immediate challenges.
2. By aligning resources and priorities to achieve long-term economic goals
3. By excluding community members and stakeholders from the decision-making
process
4. By relying solely on external consultants and experts to develop strategies
m) How can local governments promote inclusivity and equity in local economic development
planning?
(1)
1. By focusing exclusively on attracting high-income residents and businesses
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2. By implementing policies and programmes that address the needs of marginalized
communities
3. By ignoring social and environmental considerations in favor of economic growth
4. By excluding small businesses and entrepreneurs from economic development
initiatives
n) Which of the following is an example of a participatory approach to local economic
development planning?
(1)
1. Conducting closed-door meetings with a select group of stakeholders
2. Holding public forums and consultations to gather input from community members
3. Implementing top-down policies without community input
4. Ignoring the preferences and needs of local residents and businesses.
o) Which of the following is an indirect role of the private sector in local economic
development?
(1)
1. Enforcing zoning regulations
2. Investing in community development projects
3. Providing social welfare services
4. Implementing environmental protection measures
p) What role can Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)play in addressing social and environmental
challenges in local communities?
(1)
1. By prioritizing profit maximization over social and environmental considerations
2. By implementing sustainable practices and community developme11t initiatives
3. By excluding marginalized groups and vulnerable populations from project benefits
4. By relying solely on government regulations and enforcement mechanisms.
q) How does the Local Economic Development Agency (LEDA)of Namibia collaborate with other
stakeholders to achieve its objectives?
(1)
1. By working in isolation and excluding input from local communities
2. Capacity building
3. By prioritizing the interests of foreign investors over domestic stakeholders
4. By centralizing decision-making and control within the agency
r) How does the Local Economic Development Agency (LEDA) of Namibia measure the
effectiveness of its programmes and initiatives?
(1)
1. By focusing solely on economic indicators such as GDP growth
2. By conducting regular evaluations and assessments of outcomes and impacts
3. By ignoring feedback from stakeholders and community members
4. By excluding marginalized groups and vulnerable populations from development
initiatives
s) How does microfinance contribute to rural economic development in Namibia?
(1)
1. By providing large loans to multinational corporations
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2. By offering small loans and financial services to rural individuals and businesses
3. By exclusively focusing on urban areas and neglecting rural regions
4. By imposing strict collateral requirements on borrowers
t) Which of the following is a common tool used in local economic development planning in
Namibia?
(1)
1. Agricultural subsidies
2. Tariff deregulation.
3. Local Economic Development (LED) strategy
4. National currency devaluation
u) Which of the following is an example of a financing
economic development projects in Namibia?
1. Trade tariffs
2. Property taxes
3. Local Economic Development fund
4. Corporate mergers
instrument
used to support local
(1)
v) In a business plan, which section details the target market and customer demographics? (1)
1. Financial projections
2. Market analysis
3. Competitive analysis
4. Marketing strategy
w) Which of the following is a potential challenge faced in regional and rural development
planning?
(1)
1. Limited access to financial resources and investment capital
2. High levels of urbanization and industrialization
3. Over-reliance on government intervention and regulation
4. Abundant access to social and environmental amenities
x) How do regional and rural development plans address the unique needs and characteristics
of different communities?
(1)
1. By imposing one-size-fits-all solutions
2. By promoting cookie-cutter development projects
3. By conducting comprehensive needs assessments and tailoring strategies accordingly
4. By ignoring local knowledge and expertise
y) How does Oshakati benefit from its strategic location in terms of economic development? (1)
1. Limited access to transportation networks
2. Its role as a regional trade hub
3. Isolation from regional markets
4. Lack of access to skilled labor
[25]
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QUESTION 2
a) List five (5) major stakeholders in Regional and Rural Economic Development.
(5)
b) Swakopmund Municipality is one of the local authorities in Namibia that have implemented
the Local Economic Development Plan. Briefly explain the following components of
components of its LED Plan.
(10)
c) Identify and explain five (5) key strategic focus areas of Namibia's National Development Plan
(NDP) 5.
(10)
d) Identify and explain five principles of Rural Economic Development.
(10)
e) Explain at least six reasons why Rural Economic Development is important for the
development of any region.
(12)
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QUESTION 3
a) Discuss in detail the significant role of the informal sector in regional development.
(14)
b) The private sector plays a crucial role in regional and rural economic development; explain
in detail the key roles of the private sector in promoting local economic development. (14)
[28]
END
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