 |
BPP521S - BASIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - 1ST OPP - NOVEMBER 2023 |
|
|
1 Page 1 |
▲back to top |
nAm I 8 I A un IVERSITY
OF SCIEnCEAnDTECHnOLOGY
Facultyof Health,Natural
ResourceasndApplied
Sciences
Schoolof HealthSciences
Departmenot fPreventative
HealthSciences
13Ja:kson KaJjeuaStreet T: -,64 512:l72970
Pr'va:e Bag13388
F: T264~, n7 9S7J
VII ndhoek
E: dphs@nust.na
NAMIBIA
'N: www.nust.na
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BHIS
LEVEL: 5
COURSE:BASIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
COURSECODE: BPP521S
DATE: NOVEMBER 2023
SESSION: 1
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY: EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
Dr Roswitha Mahalie
MODERATOR:
Dr Elizabeth Van Der Coif
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer all questions on the separate answer sheet.
2. Please write neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS:
1. Non-Programmable Calculator
ATTACHMENTS
1. None
This paper consists of 7 pages including this front page
|
|
2 Page 2 |
▲back to top |
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE AND TRUE/ FALSE
[45 MAR@
QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
(20 MARKS)
Evaluate the statements in each numbered section and select the most appropriate answer
or phrase from the given possibilities. Fill in the appropriate letter next to the number of the
correct statement/phrase on your ANSWER SHEET.
1.1 Symptoms indicative of cervical cancer include:
A. Irregular vaginal bleeding.
B. Bloating.
C. Weight gain and nausea.
D. Dyspareunia.
1.2 Study of all factors that cause a disease, is called:
A. Clinical Manifestation.
B. Pathology.
C. Aetiology.
D. Prognosis.
1.3 The main action of Luteninizing hormone is:
A. Beginning of menses.
B. Menopause.
C. Ovulation.
D. Pregnancy.
1.4 Trudie was diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism after a work-up to determine the
cause of her elevated calcium levels. The greatest concern in a patient with
hypercalcemia would be:
A. Cardiac arrhythmia and sinus arrest.
B. Nausea and vomiting.
C. Constipation and dehydration.
D. Kidney stones and muscle weakness.
1.5 Monthly menstrual flow is an example of death of unwanted cells that results from
activation of intracellular signalling cascades and is referred to as:
A. Anaplasia.
B. Apoptosis.
C. Chloasma.
D. Melasma.
1.6 A patient with a second-degree burn wound has greater risk for:
A. Constipation.
B. Infection.
C. Hypotension.
D. Hyperglycemia.
Basic Pathophysiology (BPP5215)
1st opportunity November 2023
2
|
|
3 Page 3 |
▲back to top |
1.7 The nearsightedness happens when the eyeball is too long and is referred to as:
A. Myopia.
B. Presbyopia.
C. Astigmatism.
D. Nystagmus.
1.8 Patient teaching for risk reduction of skin cancer should include:
A. Having suspicious moles checked by a dermatologist.
B. Daily sun exposure every one-half hour.
C. Daily sun exposure of 1 hour to build tolerance
D. Applying moisturizer.
1.9 Symptoms of prostate cancer include:
A. Nocturia and intermittent stream of urination.
B. Diminished force of urinary stream and urgency.
C. Difficulty initiating stream of urine and frequency.
D. All of the above.
1.10 Linea has just been diagnosed with diabetes insipid us. The most common
presenting sign is:
A. Body wasting.
B. Hyperglycemia.
C. Hypoglycemia.
D. Increase urination.
1.11 Detached intravascular solid, liquid, or gaseous mass that is carried in the
circulation to a site distant from its point of origin where it often causes tissue
dysfunction is referred to as:
A. Thrombosis.
B. Embolism.
C. Infarction.
D. Oedema.
1.12 A replacement of a mature cell type by a different mature cell type, is called:
A. Dysplasia.
B. Hyperplasia.
C. Hypertrophy.
D. Metaplasia.
1.13 Mr Zee has been diagnosed with a brain tumour. You are told that the patient
is unable to speak. Based on this sign, where do you expect the tumour is located?
A. Frontal lobe.
B. Occipital lobe.
C. Cerebellum.
D. Parietal lobe.
Basic Pathophysiology (BPP521S)
1st Opportunity November 2023
3
|
|
4 Page 4 |
▲back to top |
1.14 Ringing, buzzing or whistling noise heard in the ear resulting when the acoustic
nerve transmits nerve impulses to the brain in the absence of vibrations from
external sources is called:
A. Hearing Loss.
B. Tinnitus.
C. Tinalgia.
D. Otitis Media.
1.15 _____
occurs when the placenta is implanted over the cervical os is
called:
A. Abruptio placentae.
B. Placenta absentia.
C. Placenta previa.
D. Placentarhagia.
1.16 The most common clinical manifestations of Thrombophlebitis
except:
A. Oedema.
B. Tenderness.
C. Lodged clot may result in dyspnoea.
D. Positive Haman's sign.
are as follows
1.17 You are diagnosed with an aortic aneurysm and ask why the condition didn't
show up on your annual physical examination. The best response is:
A. It did show and your physician did not want to alarm you.
B. Aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic.
C. You probably don't remember that your physician told you about your
condition.
D. Aortic aneurysms are always asymptomatic.
1.18 A low arterial oxygen concentration
A. Hypoxemia.
B. Hypercarbia.
C. Hypothyroidism.
D. Tidal volume.
is called:
1.19 The five R's in the inflammatory response is generally referred to as all
following except:
A. Recognition of the injurious agent.
B. Recruitment of leukocytes.
C. Removal of the agent.
D. Regulation and Readjustment.
1.20 The adult person has approximately_
A. 306
B. 206
C. 300
D. 250
bones of various shapes and sizes:
Basic Pathophysiology {BPP521S)
1st Opportunity November 2023
4
|
|
5 Page 5 |
▲back to top |
QUESTION 2: TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
(10 MARKS)
Evaluate the statements and select whether the statement is true or false. Write the word
'True' or 'False' next to the corresponding number on your ANSWERSHEET.Each question
earns 1 mark.
2.1 Hydrocephalus is a condition caused by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF)in the cerebral ventricular system (associated with a congenital defect,
usually a neural tube defect).
2.2 Cranial nerves take impulses to and from the brain while spinal nerves take
impulses to and from the spinal cord.
2.3 When the cause of the disease is unknown it is called idiopathic.
2.4 Mineralocorticoids are involved in carbohydrate metabolism and the response to
stress.
2.5 The exocrine system helps us in maintaining the homeostasis e.g., acid-base
balance (ph.), temperature, metabolism.
2.6 Rickets is a disorders mostly found in children, interferes with the deposition of
bone in the growth plates.
2.7 The nociceptors are a type of chemoreceptor which plays a protective role that
responds to chemicals released by damaged tissues.
2.8 Norepinephrine functions as a neurotransmitter in the peripheral sympathetic
nervous system.
2.9 Relaxin is responsible for softening the cervix and relaxing the pelvic ligaments.
2.10 Epispadias the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis at a point proximal
to the glans.
QUESTION 3 MATCHING QUESTIONS /DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS
(15 MARKS)
3.1 Match the appropriate answer from Column A with a meaning in Column B. Write
the appropriate letter next to the corresponding number on your ANSWERSHEET,
e.g., 3.1.1 A. Each question earns 1 mark.
(10)
Nr.
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.1.5
Item A
Ptosis
Tunica adventitia
Atherosclerosis
Odynophagia
Hiatal hernia
Item B
A. Part of the stomach moves into the chest cavity
through an enlarged diaphragmatic opening.
B. Acts by binding to cell surface receptors.
C. A sudden, violent, involuntary muscle
contraction of a large group of muscles.
D. The most common lethal form of dwarfism,
results from diminished proliferation of
chondrocytes and disorganization in the zone of
proliferation.
E. Probability or likelihood for recovery or other
outcomes.
Basic Pathophysiology (BPP521S)
1st Opportunity November 2023
5
|
|
6 Page 6 |
▲back to top |
3.1.6
3.1.7
3.1.8
3.1.9
3.1.10
Peptide hormones
Prognosis
Spasm
Thanatophoric
Dysplasia
Hypospadias
F. Hardening and narrowing of the arteries
(silently and slowly blocks arteries, putting
blood flow at risk).
G. A painful involuntary muscle twitch, a symptom
of irritation that may be due to an ion or water
imbalance within the muscle.
H. Pain with swallowing.
I. The outermost layer consists of connective
tissue.
J. The urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the
penis at a point proximal to the glans.
K. Paralysis of the upper eyelid caused by trauma
to the cranial nerves.
L. Acts by binding to intracellular receptors.
M. The urethral meatus is located on the ventral
under-surface of the penis or on the perineum.
N. Chest pain which occurs when the heart muscle
does not receive enough oxygenated blood.
3.2 Differentiate between the following terms
3.2.1 Nephrotic syndrome and Nephritic syndrome
3.2.2 Hyperparathyroidism and Hypoparathyroidism
SECTION B SHORT/LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
(3)
(2)
(55 MARKS)
QUESTION 4 SHORT/LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
(25 MARKS)
4.1 Describe different types of physiologic stresses or potentially injurious conditions that
result in cell adaptation
(8)
4.2 Identify the condition displayed in the figure 1 below and describe its clinical
manifestations.
(5)
Figure 1
4.3 Bone healing is to restore the normal anatomy and function of the fractured bone.
Write notes on the remodeling phase of bone healing.
(7)
Basic Pathophysiology (BPP521S)
pt Opportunity November 2023
6
|
|
7 Page 7 |
▲back to top |
4.4 List the five (5) clinical manifestations of Myocardial Infarction/heart attack.
(5)
QUESTION 5 SHORT/LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
(30 MARKS)
5.1 Identify the pathological condition of the gastrointestinal tract which is depicted in
figure 2 below. Respond to the following questions:
(13)
Figure 2
5.1.1 Identify the condition.
(1)
5.1.2 Define the condition.
{3}
5.1.3 Outline the three (3) types of this condition and mention two (2)
symptoms of each type.
(9)
5.2 Ms. Portrait, a 33-year-old mother of 2 children, obtained burn wounds from the
sole of her feet up to the upper/mid/low back, buttocks, and left arm. Her 10-year-old
son obtained burn wounds on both legs and left arm whereby his epidermis and part
of the dermis was destroyed. It was determined by the paramedics that Ms. Portrait
had full-thickness burns and her son second degree burns.
(17)
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
What measurement assessment will you use to determine the percentage
area burnt in both Mrs. Portrait and her son?
(2)
Calculate the approximate area offull-thickness burns on Ms. Portrait's
body.
(7)
Describe the degree of burn wounds sustained by Ms Portrait's son.
(8)
Total: 100 marks
All the best!!!!
Basic Pathophysiology {BPP521S)
1st Opportunity November 2023
7