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PCN811S - PRIMARY CARE NUTRITION FOR HIV-AIDS AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES - 2ND OPP - JULY 2022 |
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nAmI Bl AunIVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF HEALTH, APPLIED SCIENCESAND NATURAL RESOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF HUMAN NUTRITION
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BOHN
COURSE CODE: PCN 811S
SESSION: JULY 2022
LEVEL: 8
COURSE NAME: PRIMARYCARENUTRITION FOR
HIV/AIDS AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
PAPER: THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SUPPLEMENTARY/ SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S} MS. MARJORIEVANWYK
MODERATOR: DR. FRANCISCHIKUSE
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
NONE
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 6 PAGES {Including this front page)
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SECTION A
QUESTION 1
(10 MARKS}
Select the most appropriate answer from the options provided. (Each correct answer earns
1 mark)
1.1 Which of the following nutrients do PLHIVneed most:
a.
Energy
b.
Protein
c.
Vitamins and Minerals
d.
All of the above
1.2 The signs and symptoms of malaria are non-specific. Malaria is suspected clinically
primarily based on:
a.
fever
b.
diarrhoea
c.
malnutrition
d.
none of the above
1.3 What type of diet is recommended for COVID-19 patients:
a.
a high energy, low protein diet
b.
a low energy, high protein diet
c.
a high energy, high protein diet
d.
none of the above
1.4 What key messages on tuberculosis (TB) should consistently be provided to
communities:
a.
TB is curable even in HIV-infected people
b. TB treatment is free of charge at public health facilities in Namibia
c.
TB patients should complete their treatment course
d.
All of the above
1.5 Insufficient dietary intake of iodine is generally related to:
a.
Lack of iodine in the environment
b.
Vitamin A deficiency
c.
Iron Deficiency
d.
None of the above
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1.6 One of the most common nutrition disorders wordwide affecting children and women:
a.
Zinc deficiency
b.
Calcium deficiency
c.
Iron deficiency
d.
None of the above
1.7 Name the public health intervention to prevent measles:
a.
Nutrition education
b.
Measles vaccine
c.
Water and sanitation and hygiene
d.
None of the above
1.8 The public health consequences attributed to vitamin A deficiency are
a.
Xerophthalmia
b.
Immune disfunction
c.
Increased susceptibility to infection
d.
All of the above
1.9 Diarrhoea is mainly transmitted through the:
a.
Faecal-oral route because of the consumption of contaminated food
b.
Oral-faecal route because of the consumption of contaminated food
c.
Oral-faecal route because of human-to-human transmission
d.
All of the above
1.10 The three conditions most often responsible for spoilage of foods are:
a.
carbon dioxide, heat, and light.
b.
moisture, heat, and cold.
c.
oxygen, heat, and moisture
d.
oxygen, cold, and light.
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SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1 Name three (3) clinical features of vitamin A deficiency in children.
(20 MARKS)
[3]
2.2 Define cretinism.
[1]
2.3 Name two (2) enhancers of non heme iron absorption.
[2]
2.4 Name three (3) interventions to effectively manage pneumonia in children with
severe acute malnutrition.
[3]
2.5 TRUEor FALSE:Body Mass Index (BMI) is the best indicator for assessingthe
Nutritional status of pregnant women
[1]
2.6 Give one (1) example of a nutrition specific and one example of a nutrition
sensitive intervention for children.
[2]
2.7 Why is loss of weight so extremely dangerous in people living with HIV (PLHIV)? [3]
2.8 MATCHING. Directions: On the line to the left of each description in Column I,
write the letter of the condition/ symptom presented in Column II that is best
defined. Use each condition only once. (Each correct answer earns 1 mark).
[5]
COLUMN I
2.8.1 Loss of greater than 10% of body weight,
unintentionally, with persistent diarrhoea
2.8.2 Loss of subcutaneous fat
2.8.3 Shift of fat from extremities to centre of
the body
2.8.4 High blood lipid levels, high blood glucose
levels
2.8.5 No other infections and generalized
fatigue
COLUMN II
A. Lipodystrophy
B. Weight Loss
C. Lipoatrophy
D. HIV Stage 1
E. Biochemical Changes
F. Wasting Syndrome
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QUESTION 4
SECTION C
(30MARKS)
4.1 Discuss the four (4) major nutrition related complaints of COVID-19 patients
during recovery.
[4]
4.2 Name four (4) factors that affect iron absorption.
[4]
4.3 List public health interventions to reduce the global burden of deaths due to
pneumonia.
[8]
4.4 Discuss the key messages that you will teach your HIV-infected clients about safe
food preparation and storage.
[10]
4.5 Describe the four (4) core principles of malaria case management.
[4]
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SECTION D
QUESTION 5
(40 MARKS)
CASESTUDY
Scenario:
Michael was diagnosed with TB and has been admitted to the hospital. He is about to be
discharged and the doctor has decided to put him on TBtreatment. Hisregimen will be RHZE.In
counselling on the importance of eating when taking TB medication, Michael tells you that he
normally only eats once a day.
Questions
5.1 How will you advise Michael about nutrition and TB medication?
[2]
5.2 Why would you counsel Michael to abstain or significantly restrict his
alcohol intake?
[2]
5.3 Explain why nutritional support is so important during TB treatment?
[6]
5.4 Describe the relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes mellitus.
[8]
5.5 Describe the health outcomes of infants born to mothers with tuberculosis (TB). [4]
5.6 Define multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
[4]
5.7 Briefly explain why it is important to provide adequate energy and nutrients for a
child with TB?
[2]
5.8 Why is it so important to diagnose and treat TB in PLHIVpromptly?
[2]
5.9 Discuss the principles for providing nutrition care and support to people
diagnosed with TB.
[10]
THE END
GOOD LUCK
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