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GRS811S-GIS AND REMOTE SENSING IN PRACTICE-2ND OPP-JULY 2024 |
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nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH, NATURAL RESOURCESAND APPLIED SCIENCES
SCHOOLOF AGRICULTUREAND NATURAL RESOURCESCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCESCIENCES
QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF NATURALRESOURCEMANAGEMENT HONOURS
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BNRH
LEVEL: 8
COURSECODE: GRS811S
COURSENAME: GISAND REMOTESENSINGIN
PRACTICE
DATE:JULY 2024
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) Prof. Vera De Cauwer
MODERATOR: Ms. Foibe Nelao Johannes
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number your answers clearly.
4. Show your detailed work for calculations.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
1. Calculator
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 3 PAGES(Excluding this front page)
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Question 1
[6]
a) What are microwaves?
b) How do microwaves travel when transmitted?
c) What are the advantages of using an active microwave sensor compared to passive
sensors for remote sensing purposes?
Question 2
[23]
Indicate if the following statements are True or False. If false, correct the statement.
1. LiDARis an active sensor.
2. A satellite image contains geospatial information in vector format.
3. It is advised to always use illumination from the southwest to display hill shades on a
map.
4. A QGISproject file (qgz) does not contain any GISdata.
5. GPSdata is vector data and most often in gpx format.
6. Thermal radiation from animals and humans is emitted in the visible light range.
7. Each pixel of a raster image stores a single value.
8. Green plants absorb green light.
9. Thermal radiation can be carried through a vacuum.
10. The location with latitude 15.55 and longitude - 22.15 is south of the equator.
11. Coordinates of longitude represent the Y-axisfor the grid of latitude and longitude lines
covering the world.
12. Visible light contains more energy than radio waves.
13. Eachimage layer in a GIShas an attribute table.
14. Vector data can be imported into Google Earth if it is in shp format.
15. Water reflects most radiation with higher wavelengths from near-infrared onwards.
Question 3
[S]
You start a new project in QGISand you add the layers waterpoints.gpx and regions.shp to
the project. The file extension .shp stands for a file in ...........format. Next to regions.shp,
two other files are needed to open the regions layer in a GIS:......................a..nd
...........................T. he data of the waterpoints.gpx file was collected with a ..............You also
have a file regions.xml. This file contains ...............
Question 4
[11]
Electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves characterised by wavelength and
frequency.
1. Explain wavelength and indicate the measurement unit.
2. Explain frequency and indicate the measurement unit.
3. What is the relation between wavelength and frequency? What is this expression
representing?
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4. Give an example of electromagnetic radiation with a large wavelength.
5. Give an example of electromagnetic radiation with a high frequency.
Question 5
(7]
Below is an attribute table of a GISlayer.
1. How many features does the GISlayer contain?
2. List the attributes (fields) of the GISlayer.
3. Why do we have a column with heading ID in the attribute table?
4. Is this a vector or a raster layer? Explain briefly why.
ID Vegetation
1 Woodland
6 Grassland
2 Woodland
3 Shrubland
9 Shrubland
11 Woodland
8 Bare
Area
12.5
25.2
12.1
35.0
28.1
11.9
2.3
Protected
N
y
N
N
y
y
y
Question 6
[6]
What are the advantages of vector data versus raster data in a GIS?
Question 7
[6]
a) What do multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing data have in common?
b) What are the differences between multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing
data?
c) Give an example of a multispectral and hyperspectral satellite.
d) What advantage has hyperspectral data compared to multispectral data for
rangeland management?
Question 8
(14]
Compare the use of a UAVwith that of an aeroplane to collect remote sensing data by
describing the differences.
Question 9
(12]
Convert the following coordinates to decimal format. Indicate clearly which coordinate is
latitude and which is longitude.
1. 24° 15' 57" S, 23° 14' 12" E
2. N 50° 4.6151', E 19 ° 43.8381'
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Question 10
[10)
An important image processing technique for satellite data is image classification.
a) What is satellite image classification?
b) Distinguish and describe the different methods of image classification.
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