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NRM511S - NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2024 |
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n Am I BIA u n IVE Rs ITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF ENGINEERINGAND THE BUILTENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENTOF ARCHITECTUREP, LANNINGAND CONSTRUCTION
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF REGIONALAND RURALDEVELOPMENT
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 07BRAR
LEVEL:
5
CREDITS: 12
COURSECODE:
NRMSllS
COURSENAME: NATURALRESOURCEMANAGEMENT
DATE:
JUNE 2024 PAPER:
THEORY
DURATION:
3 HOURS MARKS:
100
FIRSTOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER: Marina Coetzee
MODERATOR: Ben Strohbach
l. Answer ALL the questions.
INSTRUCTIONS
2. Read the entire question paper before answering the questions.
3. Questions may be answered in any sequence, provided that they are numbered clearly
and correctly.
4. Write clearly and legibly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
Pen, ruler, pencil and eraser
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 9 QUESTIONSAND 7 PAGES(including this front page)
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Natural Resource Management
NRMSllS
Question 1:
Select the single CORRECTanswer to each of the following questions. Just write down the
number, e.g. (a) D.
(a)
One of Windhoek's water supply sources is the ....
A Neckartal Dam
B Otjivero Pipeline
C Von Bach Dam
D Orange River
E Omdel Aquifer
(1)
(b)
Demand-side water management includes ....
A desalination of seawater
B installation of water-efficient showers and toilets
C construction of bulk water-purification plants
D geophysical surveys to find new aquifers
E negotiations with neighbouring countries on shared watercourses
(1)
(c)
Ecosystem services that are essential for life to exist are known as ...
A cultural services
B provisioning services
C supporting services
D regulating services
E biological services
(1)
(d)
Depletion of the ozone layer is triggered by ...
A the presence of polar stratospheric clouds
B the presence of ultraviolet light
C the presence of free radicals
D none of the above
E all of the above
(1)
(e)
Desertification is most likely to occur in ...
A equatorial rainforests
B monsoon regions in the tropics
C temperate regions of the mid-latitudes
D arid regions bordering deserts
E natural deserts such as the Namib
(1)
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2024
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Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
(f)
Rangelands are large natural landscapes under natural vegetation. The definition
excludes ...
A wetlands
B grasslands
C croplands
D woodlands
E shrublands
(1)
{g)
Ozone ...
A is a highly reactive form of oxygen
B is the major anthropogenic greenhouse gas
C is used in air conditioners and refrigerators
D is beneficial for plants
E heals cells in the human body
(1)
(h)
Natural capital refers to ...
A the renewable resources of Earth
B the non-renewable resources of Earth
C the processes that regulate the Earth System and its numerous subsystems
D the ability of Earth to absorb, neutralise and recycle wastes
E the combination of A, B, C and D
(1)
(i)
The following is not a perpetual resource:
A sunlight
B wind
C water
D waves
E air
(1)
(j)
The atmospheric layer with the highest concentration of natural ozone, is the ...
A troposphere
B stratosphere
C mesosphere
D thermosphere
E exosphere
(1)
[10]
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2024
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Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
Question 2:
(a)
Propose three (3) strategies that the Namibia government and individual Namibians
can implement to fight plastic pollution.
(3)
(b)
What are the effects of plastic pollution on marine animals?
(4)
(c)
Explain the differences between 'point source' and 'diffuse source' pollution,
providing appropriate examples of each.
(4)
[11]
Question 3:
(a)
List and elaborate on three (3) cultural services provided by the atmosphere.
(6)
(b)
Discuss the importance of soil by listing and explaining one (1) soil function from each
of the four ecosystem service groups: provisioning, supporting, regulating, and
cultural. Be specific.
(8)
[14]
Question 4:
(a)
Why does climate change cause sea levels to rise?
(2)
(b)
Describe four (4) distinct ways in which climate change negatively affects human
health.
(4)
(c)
Suggest four (4) strategies that farmers can use to adapt to climate change.
(4)
[10]
Question 5:
(a)
List and provide examples of two (2) provisioning services delivered by living
organisms. Be specific.
(4)
(b)
Discuss the advantages of high genetic diversity.
(3)
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2024
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Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
(c)
In addition to pollution, what are the other four (4) main reasons for biodiversity
decline?
(4)
[11]
Question 6:
(a)
Describe four (4) anthropogenic (man-made) threats to marine ecosystems.
(4)
(b)
Imagine that you are the Minister of Environment and Development of a country like
Namibia. What would you do to address these environmental threats to marine
ecosystems?
(4)
[8]
Question 7:
(a)
Describe the water sources of the City of Windhoek.
(6)
(b)
Compile a comprehensive definition of 'wetlands'.
(6)
(c)
Name three (3) of Namibia's Ramsar sites.
(3)
[15)
Question 8:
(a)
As a regional development officer, you are tasked to identify unsustainable
agricultural practices that would lead to land degradation in your region. Livestock
farming, rain-fed crop production and irrigation agriculture are all included in the
term 'agriculture' in this case. Make a list of five (5) unsustainable agricultural
practices that you would look for.
(5)
(b)
Explain the differences in the objectives and outcomes of deforestation and bush
control.
(6)
[11]
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
Page 5 of 7
June 2024
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Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
Question 9:
Match each term in Column 1 with the appropriate description in Column 2. Write down only
the capital letter from Column 2 next to the small letter from Column 1, for example (a) D.
Column 1
Column 2
(a)
Aridity
(b)
Ozone layer
(c)
Light clutter
(d)
Non-renewable
resources
A
Air pollution in the form of fine particles with
average diameter of 10 micrometers
B
Decrease in soil pH
C
The dome-shaped brightened night sky over a city
D
Nuclear waste
(e)
PM10
(f)
Soil desiccation
(g)
Effluent
(h)
Savanna
E
Finite resources that do not renew themselves at a
sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction
on a human time-frame
F
Natural climatic condition of drylands
G
Excessive,unnecessary groupings of lights
( i)
POPs
(j)
Climate
H
Drying out of soil
A grassland without a single tree or shrub
J
Harmful organic substances that remain in the
environment for long periods
K
Photochemical air pollution hanging over cities as a
brown haze
L
Resources that are inexhaustible on a human
timescale, are continuously available, and their
quantity is not affected by use
M
Saturation of soil over long periods
1'1 Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
N
Liquid waste
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Natural Resource Management
NRMS11S
0
Atmospheric conditions at a certain moment in time
p
A grassland with scattered trees and shrubs
Q
A statistical description of the mean and variability
of the weather over many years
R
A zone in the atmosphere that shields Earth from
harmful ultraviolet light
S
Substances that degrade quickly once they are
exposed to the elements
T
A zone in the atmosphere that protects Earth from
high-energy cosmic rays
u
Gradual increase in salt content of soil
(10}
[10]
TOTAL: 100
1st Opportunity Examination
Memorandum
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June 2024