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AMB821S-ADVANCED MICROBIOLOGY - 2ND OPP- JANUARY 2025 |
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nAm I BI A UnlVE RS ITY
OF SCIEnCE
TECH n
FacultyofHealth,Natural
ResourceasndApplied
Sciences
Schoolof Natural and Applied
Sciences
Departmentof Biology,
Chemistryand Physics
13JacksonKauJeuaStreet
Private Bag13388
Windhoek
NAMIBIA
T: •264 612072012
F: •264 612079012
E: dbcp@nust.na
W: v,ww.nust.na
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATIONS
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR of SCIENCESHONOURS
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BOSC
LEVEL:8
COURSE:ADVANCED MICROBIOLOGY
COURSECODE: AMB821S
DATE: NOVEMBER 2024
SESSION: 1
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER:
MODERATOR:
Mr Petrus Tuhafeni Paulus
Prof lane Misihairabgwi
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions in section A and any two questions from section B.
2. Each question must be answered on the separate answer sheet.
3. Please write neatly and legibly.
4. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
5. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
6. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. Non-Programmable Calculator
This PAPER consists of 5 pages including this front page
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SECTION Ai [60 MARKS]
QUESTION 1 (20)
1.1 You have been hired as a consultant for a large multi-corporation specializing in
pharmaceutical products to advise how they can set up a plant to produce an
antibiotic for the local farmers.
1.1.1 Considering that the human resources and financial aspects are taken care of by the
organization, what technical information would you advise the management, which is
needed tostart the operation. Justify your selection of the requirements needed for
fermentation.
(5)
1.1.2 Some of the board of directors for the new company may be interested in
procurement of a large fermenter but are still not sure whether to settle for a batch
fermenter or continuous fermenter. Briefly discuss why it will be ideal to purchase a
batch fermenter as opposed to a continuous fermenter for the production of an
antibiotic.
(5)
1.1.3 You are also asked to write a short report of how the antibiotic will be produced from
a simple laboratory experiment. Briefly outline how the antibiotic will be produced in
your fermentation vat.
(10)
Advanced Microbiology (AMB 821S)
2nd Opportunity November 2024
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QUESTION 2 (20}
You wish to determine the number of bacteria in an actively growing broth culture of E. coli.
To do this you remove 1.0 ml of the culture from the flask and dilute this in 9 ml of nutrient
broth to obtain 10-1 dilution. You then serial dilute the sam_plefurther until you obtain a range
of dilutions between 10-2 and 10-5_ From each dilution you then spread plate 0.1 ml of
suspension onto the nutrient agar and incubate overnight. The next morning you have the
following results.
Dilution
Neat
10-l
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-S
10-6
Colonies on plate
Too many to count
Too many to count
Too many to count
280
27
2
0
2.1 Determine how many bacteria per ml there were in the original sample taken from the
overnight culture. Show your working.
(3)
2.2 You adjust the density of the cell suspension so that there are 1 x106 bacteria per ml in
broth and add 1 ml of this to a new culture flask. Assuming exponential growth and a
doubling time of 30 minutes, how many bacteria will be in the flask after 5 hours. Show
your working.
(3)
2.3 Write short notes on the preservation and maintenance of microorganisms
(8)
2.4 Briefly discuss the use of coliforms as diagnostic tools in food and water samples. (6)
Advanced Microbiology (AMB 821S)
2nd Opportunity November 2024
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QUESTION 3
(20)
3.1 Differentiate between transcriptomes and proteomes.
(4)
3.2 Explain the importance of measurements of gene expressions.
(6)
3.3 Discuss how infectious diseases such Ebola virus can be prevented and controlled.
(10)
SECTION B [40 MARKS]
Answer only two questions from this section. Each question carries 20 marks
QUESTION 4
(20)
4.1 Briefly explain the conditions necessary for a pathogen to cause disease.
(5)
4.2 The occurrence of plasmids in microorganism is a necessary evil. Discuss the statement?
(S)
4.3 Outline the pathogenic properties of virus.
(S)
4.4 Give an account of the application of amylases enzymes in food industry.
(S)
Advanced Microbiology (AMB 821S)
2nd Opportunity November 2024
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QUESTION 5
(20)
5.1 Briefly outline five factors leading to the emerging of infectious diseases in the 21st
century.
(10)
5.2 The basic reproductive number, (Ro),defines the mean number of individuals directly
infected by an infectious case through the total infectious period, when introduced to
a susceptible population is given by the equation
• Ro= p. C. d
Define the terms p, c, d and how they can be used to combat infections such STI. (4)
5.3 Briefly evaluate the implication of Ro as used in epidemiology.
(6)
QUESTION 6
(20)
6.1 Differentiate between exotoxins and endotoxins.
(4)
6.2 Write short notes on antigen presenting cells (APC)
(4)
6.3 Give the major events in the primary and secondary immune responses.
(6)
6.4 Discuss the benefits of human gut microbiome.
(6)
QUESTION 7
(20)
7.1 Discuss the role of lactic acid bacteria in the production of hard cheese such as
Gouda.
(10)
7.2 Outline the benefits of human gut microbiome.
(10)
ENDOF EXAM
Advanced Microbiology (AMB 821S)
2nd Opportunity November 2024
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