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PLU411S - PRINCIPLES OF LANGUAGE USE - 2ND OPP - JULY 2024 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEn CE AnD TECHn OLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGES
QUALIFICATION: VARIOUS
QUALIFICATION CODE: VARIOUS
COURSE CODE: PLU411S
SESSION:
JUNE/ JULY 2024
DURATION:
3 HOURS
LEVEL: 4
COURSE NAME: PRINCIPLESOF LANGUAGE USE
PAPER:
MARKS:
THEORY
100
EXAMINER(S)
MODERATOR:
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
Dr C. Sibalatani
Dr E. lthindi
Dr R. Nekongo
Mr C. Gwasira
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF _8_ PAGES (Including this front page)
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SECTION A: READING COMPREHENSION
[30 marks]
Readthe following passageand answer the questions below, using information from the passage.
The Benefits of Being Educated
Education is a cornerstone of personal and societal growth, providing individuals with the tools
needed to navigate and succeed in a complex world. It enhances cognitive abilities, fosters critical
thinking, and encourages the pursuit of knowledge, leading to a more informed and capable populace.
By developing these skills, individuals are better equipped to handle the challenges and opportunities
that arise in their personal and professional lives. Education also opens doors to numerous
opportunities, enabling individuals to achieve their professional and personal goals, from obtaining
fulfilling careers to achieving personal growth and satisfaction.
One of the most significant benefits of education is the development of critical thinking skills. Through
exposure to diverse subjects and complex problems, educated individuals learn to analyze
information, evaluate evidence, and make reasoned decisions. These skills are invaluable in everyday
life, from making informed choices about health and finances to understanding and participating in
democratic processes. Critical thinking also empowers individuals to challenge misinformation and
engage in constructive debate, which is essential for a healthy society. This ability to think critically
ensures that people are not easily swayed by false information and can contribute thoughtfully to
discussions on important issues.
Education also plays a vital role in economic advancement. Higher levels of education are strongly
correlated with higher earning potential and job security. Individuals with advanced degrees often
have accessto better-paying jobs and more stable career paths. Moreover, education equips people
with specialized skills and knowledge that are in demand in the workforce, driving innovation and
economic growth. By investing in education, societies can build a more skilled and adaptable
workforce, which is crucial in an ever-evolving global economy. This continuous cycle of learning and
application of knowledge helps to sustain economic growth and stability.
The social benefits of education extend beyond economic gains. Educated individuals tend to be more
active and informed citizens. They are more likely to vote, volunteer, and engage in community
activities, contributing to the overall well-being of their communities. Education fosters a sense of
civic responsibility and ethical awareness, encouraging individuals to work towards the common good.
Furthermore, it promotes social cohesion by bridging gaps between different cultural and social
groups, fostering mutual respect and understanding. These connections help to build stronger, more
resilient communities that can work together to solve common problems.
On a personal level, education enriches lives by broadening horizons and fostering personal growth.
It encourages lifelong learning and curiosity, which can lead to a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
Educated individuals often have better critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which can
improve personal relationships and decision-making. Additionally, education provides a sense of
accomplishment and confidence, which can positively impact mental health and self-esteem. This
personal development is crucial for leading a balanced and satisfying life.
Health outcomes are also positively influenced by education. Educated individuals are more likely to
adopt healthy lifestyles, make informed health decisions, and have accessto better healthcare. They
are less likely to engage in risky behaviors and more likely to understand the importance of
preventative care. As a result, higher levels of education are associated with longer life expectancy
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and better overall health. This link between education and health highlights the broader societal
benefits of investing in education.
In conclusion, the benefits of being educated are vast and multifaceted. From enhancing critical
thinking and economic opportunities to fostering civic engagement and personal well-being,
education is a powerful tool that can transform lives and societies. Investing in education is not only
a means to personal success but also a cornerstone of societal progress and stability. By prioritizing
education, societies can ensure a brighter, more prosperous future for all.
Adapted from: OpenAI. {2024). The benefits of being educated.
1. How does education enhance critical thinking skills?
(2)
2. What is the relationship between education and economic advancement?
(4)
3. How does education contribute to social benefits beyond economic gains?
(4)
4. In what ways does education enrich personal lives?
(2)
5. How does education influence health outcomes?
(2)
6. Why is investing in education important for societal progress and stability?
(4)
7. How does education foster civic responsibility and ethical awareness?
(2)
8. Choose the most appropriate answer.
8.1 What is one of the key benefits of education mentioned in the passage?
(1)
a) Increased physical strength
b) Development of critical thinking skills
c) Improved artistic talent
d) Enhanced musical abilities
8.2 How does education impact economic opportunities according to the passage?
(1)
a) It decreases job security.
b) It limits earning potential.
c) It provides access to better-paying jobs.
d) It makes individuals less adaptable in the workforce.
8.3 In what way does education enrich personal lives, as discussed in the passage?
(1)
a) By narrowing horizons
b) By fostering lifelong learning
c) By reducing curiosity
d) By limiting critical thinking abilities
9. State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE
9.1 Education tends to narrow personal horizons and discourage lifelong learning.
(1)
9.2 Educated individuals are more likely to adopt healthy lifestyles and make informed health
decisions.
(1)
9.3 Investing in education is detrimental to societal progress and stability.
(1)
10. Match the following words with their meanings based on the passage
(4)
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1. Cornerstone
2. Cohesion
3. Preventative
A. The action of keeping something from happening.
B. Provides the ability or power to do something.
C. The state of being completed or achieving a sense of
4.Fulfillment
satisfaction.
D. An essential or foundational element.
E. The act of forming a united whole
F. Related to mental processes of perception, memory,
judgment, and reasoning.
SECTIONB: GRAMMAR
[30 Marks]
Readthe passage below and answer all the questions that follow.
Keeping Mosquitos Out of Your Yard Without Chemicals
1. Mosquitos aren't just a nuisance in the garden. They can also be a health hazard, as they
transmit various diseases, and they cause unpleasant itchy welts too! With the summer
season ahead, now is the time to prep your outdoor space to keep mosquitos away. No one
wants to be bothered by mesquites when they're working in their garden, but if you keep a
pollinator habitat or an organic garden, you probably don't want to use chemical treatments.
To combat this problem, there are all-natural mosquito treatments, which won't harm fish,
birds, or other wildlife. Mosquitoes are bothersome insects that can leave behind a. nasty,
itchy welt. Keep them off your skin and out of your garden with these simple, yet effective,
mosquito control methods.
2. Female mosquito lay their eggs in standing water, so the first step towards eradicating
mosquitoes is to remove any water sources that may potentially attract mosquitoes. Check
around your property for any puddles or poorly draining spots and see if there's any way that
you can improve drainage. This may include grading steep hillsides or adding a French drain.
Buckets, planters, and some garden tools left outside in the rain can also accumulate water.
Dump this vessels out and store them in a garage or outbuilding to keep them from gathering
water in the future. If you keep rain barrels, make sure they are tightly sealed with a lid.
Gutters that haven't been cleaned in a while can also hold stagnant water that will attract
mosquitoes. To avoid this, make sure you clean out your gutters regularly!
3. As much of a nuisance as mosquitoes are to people, there are certain animals that love
mosquitoes ... as a snack! In particular, many birds, bats, beneficial insects, and amphibians
are natural predators of mosquitoes, and attracting these animals to your yard can keep
mosquito populations in check. To increase the number of birds that visit your property, try
installing a bird feeder and a bird bath. Growing plants with large seed heads, such as purple
coneflower and sunflowers, can also increase bird activity. If you're installing a new bird
feeder, try locating it in an area of your property where you know mosquitoes congregate, as
this will ensure birds can easily find mosquitoes too! While the thought of attracting bats to
your garden may feel a bit off-putting at first, bats are incredibly helpful animals. Because
bats and mosquitoes are both most active in the evening, bats are some of the best natural
predators you can find. To welcome bats into your garden, try installing a bat box, which
should be hung at least 12' above the ground. Spiders and other beneficial insects also help
control mosquitoes, and this encourages these insects to take up residence in your garden. If
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you see spiders building webs in your garden, leave them be. Additionally, whenever possible,
choose organic pest control methods to avoid accidentally harming the "good guy" insects!
Adapted from: https://gardening.org
1. Identify the part of speech of each balded word in paragraph 1.
(8)
1.1 They
1.2 transmit
1.3 mosquito
1.4 but
1.5 chemical
1.6 This
1.7 behind
1.8 methods
2. Write a sentence (1 sentence) of your own in which you have used any 2 articles that we have in
English UNDERLINEthe 2 articles that you have used to show your understanding.
Eacharticle must only be used once.
(2)
3. What verb tense is the sentence below?
(2)
Sentence:
Malaria is one of the leading causes of deaths around the world.
4. Write the sentence in question 3 above in the following tenses:
4.1 Past perfect
(2)
4.2 Future simple
(2)
5. Write the sentence below in the following forms?
Sentence: Malaria is one of the leading causes of deaths around the world.
5.1 Question form
(2)
5.2 Negative form
(2)
6. Subject verb agreement
There are two subject-verb-agreement errors in paragraph 2.
6.1 First, identify and write down the subject and the verb errors you identified (Only the phrase with
the subject and the verb, not the whole sentence).
6.2 Secondly, write down the corrections of the errors identified in 6.1.
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7. You were taught 4 different types of sentence structure. Write down the type of sentence structure
of the sentences below (taken from paragraph 3).
7.1 To increase the number of birds that visit your property, try installing a bird feeder and
a bird bath. Do not copy the whole sentence.
(1)
7.2 Because bats and mosquitoes are both most active in the evening, bats are some of the
best natural predators you can find.
(1)
7.3 Spiders and other beneficial insects also help control mosquitoes, and this encourages
these insects to take up residence in your garden.
(1)
7.4 Additionally, whenever possible, choose organic pest control methods to avoid
accidentally harming the "good guy" insects!
(1)
SECTIONC: PARAGRAPHAND ESSAYANALYSIS
Analyse the essay below carefully and answer the questions that follow.
[30marks]
Understanding anger and its impact on people
1.
Anger is a complex emotion that manifests in response to perceived threats, injustices, or
frustrations. While often viewed negatively, anger can be a powerful force that drives change and
motivates individuals to address issues in their lives or society. Let us explore the nature of anger: its
physical and mental manifestations, its potential as a catalyst for positive change, and the importance
of managing it effectively to avoid detrimental effects on mental health and interpersonal
relationships.
2.
The physical and mental manifestations of anger highlight its intensity and potential impact
on an individual's well-being. Firstly, anger can trigger a range of physical responses, including
increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline.
These physiological changes prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response. Then, mentally, anger can
cloud judgment, impair decision-making, and lead to aggressive or impulsive behaviours. Recognising
these manifestations is crucial for understanding the profound effect anger can have on both the body
and mind. Emphasising the need for effective management strategies.
3.
Despite its negative connotations, anger can serve as a powerful catalyst for personal and
social change when channelled constructively. Constructive anger can drive individuals to take action
against perceived injustices or challenges, leading to significant personal and societal improvements.
For example, the civil rights movements were fuelled by collective anger against systemic oppression,
this resulted in profound social change. On a personal level, anger can motivate individuals to set
boundaries, assert their rights, and make necessary changes in their lives. Geographical boundaries
are also significant as they separate different regions. Harnessing anger constructively allows it to
become a source of empowerment and transformation.
4.
Effective management of anger is essential to prevent its potential negative consequences on
mental health and relationships. To begin with, uncontrolled anger can lead to destructive behaviours,
strained relationships, and long-term mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. Learning
to manage anger through techniques like deep breathing, mindfulness, and seeking professional help
can mitigate these risks. Also, healthy communication and conflict resolution skills play a critical role
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in managing anger constructively, ensuring it does not harm relationships or personal well-being. By
addressing anger proactively, individuals can maintain healthier and more fulfilling lives.
5.
Anger is a multifaceted emotion that, while intense and potentially destructive, holds the
power to drive significant personal and societal change when managed effectively. Understanding its
physical and mental manifestations helps in recognising its impact, while channeling anger
constructively can lead to empowerment and positive transformation. However, the importance of
managing anger cannot be overstated uncontrolled anger can have severe repercussions on mental
health and relationships. By adopting effective anger management strategies, individuals can harness
this powerful emotion to improve their lives and contribute positively to society.
Adapted from: ChatGPT. (2024, June 6). Understanding anger and its impact on people. OpenAI.
1.1 Identify and write down the thesis statement of the essay above.
(2)
1.2 Identify and write the topic sentence for paragraph 2.
(1)
1.2.1 Write the topic of the topic sentence you identified in Question 1.2.
(2)
1.2.2 Write the controlling idea of the topic sentence you identified in Question 1.2.
(2)
1.3 Identify and write down a sentence error hidden in paragraph 3.
(2)
1.3.1 Specify what sentence error is hidden in paragraph 3.
(2)
1.3.2 Write the sentence error identified in Question 1.3 correctly.
(2)
1.4 Identify and write a sentence fragment hidden in paragraph 2.
(2)
1.4.1 Write the sentence you identified in Question 1.4 correctly.
(2)
1.5 What function does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 serve in terms of paragraph
structure?
(2)
1.6 Identify and write down a sentence error hidden in paragraph 5.
(2)
1.6.1 Specify what sentence error is hidden in paragraph 5.
(2)
1.6.2 Write the sentence error you identified in Question 1.6 correctly.
(2)
1.7 Identify and write down a sentence that is irrelevant in paragraph 3.
(2)
1.8 Identify and write down any three transitional words or phrases used in paragraphs 4
and 5.
(3)
SECTION D: PARAGRAPH WRITING
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[10 marks]
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Choose any one of the prompts hereunder and write a body paragraph of about a 100-150 words. Pay
attention to structure, coherence, punctuation, and language. Begin the paragraph with a clear and
suitable topic sentence.
1. Tell about a morality problem that bothers you and why.
2. Explain why tolerance is crucial in a workplace.
3. Discussone main cause of the increased number of teenage mothers.
4. Explain why someone you know should be regarded as a leader
5. Do you have a big idea that could potentially impact your community?
END OF QUESTION PAPER
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