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BPM821S - BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - 1ST OPP - NOVEMBER 2023 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCEAnDTECHnOLOGY
Facultyof Health,Natural
ResourceasndApplied
Sciences
Schoolof NaturalandApplied
Sciences
Departmentof Biology,
Chemistryand Physics
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BOSC
COURSE: BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS AND
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
DATE: NOVEMBER 2023
DURATION: 3 HOURS
13JacksonKaujeuaStreet T: •264 672072012
Private Bag73388
F: +264672079072
Windhoek
E: dbcp@nust.na
NAMIBIA
W: www.nust.na
LEVEL:8
COURSECODE: BPM821S
SESSION: 1
MARKS: 100
FIRST OPPORTUNITY: QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
MODERATOR:
PROF LAMECH MWAPAGHA
DR EMMANUEL NEPOLO
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer all questions on the separate answer sheet.
2. Please write neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS:
1. None
This question paper consists of four (4) pages including this front page.
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Question 1
[12]
a) Define the following terminologies:
(4)
I. Federated database:
II. Juxtacrine Signalling:
Ill. High-throughput genome database:
IV. Hyperchromatic:
b) Signalling molecules are frequently referred to as ligands, which is a broad term for compounds
that bind specifically to other molecules (such as receptors). A ligand's message is frequently
delivered through a series of chemical messengers within the cell. Briefly describe the various
forms of cell signalling specificity
(4)
c) The transfer of a signal from a sending cell to a receiving cell is referred to as cell signalling.
Mention FOUR (4) General Cell Signalling Principles.
(4)
Question 2
[14]
The signalling pathway below is responsible for multiple processes that operate during both
development and adult life.
SMO
e·,,,
JI./
.~ GLl1
miR-324-Sp ••• ,0
Vfl
~~Hh
HIP
Hh
(Guy
II
r [GL11. MIM)
[PTO.HIP\\
IWnt, BMP]
Biosynthetic Pathways and Molecular Biology (BPM821S) ist Opportunity November 2023
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a) Describe the activation of the signalling pathway
(8)
b) Briefly delineate functions of the Toll receptor signalling pathway
(6)
Question 3
[12]
a) What mechanisms do cancer cells use to escape from the primary tumour?
(4)
b) What have we learned about the initiation of cancer from studying families with
predisposinggerm-line mutations?
(8)
Question 4
a) Cyclic AMP is a ubiquitous second messenger that utilises various effectors that regulate a
multitude of cellular responses. Briefly describe Protein kinase A (PKA) as one of the effectors
responsible for carrying out the cyclic AMP signalling functions.
(S)
b) Mention SIX (6) strategies you could use in designing universal primers?
(6)
Question 5
[11]
a) Describe THREE (3) specific tasks that are generally tackled by computational tools used
in integrating 'omics' data.
(3)
b) Describe the anabolic role of the TCA cycle in fatty acid synthesis.
(8)
Question 6
[20]
a) Clinical research is one of the important steps in the drug development process. Outline
FOUR (4) important factors considered by researchers before the commencement of this
step.
(4)
b) Describe the two pathways utilized by the body for the excretion of compounds once they
have entered the bloodstream
(8)
c) The characteristic features of an ideal biomarker are variable and relay to some extent on the
application and classification of cancer biomarkers. Mostly, Cancer biomarkers have to fulfil
general properties to be considered ideal. State EIGHT (8) criteria that should be highly considered
for the selection of ideal diagnostic biomarkers.
(8)
Biosynthetic Pathways and Molecular Biology (BPM821S) 1st Opportunity November 2023
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Question 7
[20]
a) Give generalized molecular and histological descriptions of dysplastic tissue.
(8)
b) What is the role of p53 in normal cells, and to what extent does the loss of p53 function
contribute to the Hanahan and Weinberg's "hallmarks of cancer"?
(12)
THE END
Biosynthetic Pathways and Molecular Biology (BPM821S) ist Opportunity November 2023
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