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TFN820S-TRADE FINANCE-2ND OPP-DEC 2025 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE
QUALIFICATION: POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08PGDD LEVEL:8
COURSE CODE: TFN820S
COURSE NAME: TRADE FINANCE
SESSION: DECEMBER 2025
PAPER: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS (PAPER 2)
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINERS Lameck Odada
MODERATOR Prof Leward Jeke
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This question paper consists of FOUR (4) Questions.
2. Answer ALL the FOUR (4) questions in blue or black ink only. NO PENCIL and TIPEX
3. Start each question on a new page and number the answers correctly and clearly.
4. Write clearly and neatly and show all your formulas, workings, and assumptions.
5. Questions relating to this examination may be raised in the initial 30 minutes after the
start of the examination. Thereafter, candidates must use their initiative to address any
perceived errors or ambiguities, and any assumptions they make should be clearly
stated.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. Black or blue ink pen and a ruler
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF _3_ PAGES (including this front page)
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QUESTION 1
[25 MARKS]
This National Trade Policy (NTP) is developed to guide Namibia's trade relations with the
rest of the world and is formulated within the scope of Vision 2030 - the country's policy
framework for long-term national development, aiming to elevate Namibia to a developed
country status. The NTP is shaped by the country's international and regional trade
agreements, particularly the World Trade Organisation (WTO) agreements, the Southern
African Customs Union (SACU) Agreement, the Southern African Development Community
(SADC) Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP), and the Agreement
establishing the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), amongst others.
REQUIRED
MARKS
a) Discuss the five (5) key challenges in Namibia's trade performance that 10
are grounded in some of the interrelated and self-reinforcing constraints
b) Analysis of Namibia's overall trade in goods and services performance 10
highlights key trade policy challenges. Identify and discuss any five (5) of
these challenges
c) The NTP prioritises the diversification of domestic economic activity,
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exports, and markets, as well as enhancing economic competitiveness.
Identify any five (5) strategies in the NTP that broadly unleash Namibia's
potential in international trade with strategic interventions and actions.
QUESTION 2
[25 MARKS]
A country's balance of payments (BOP) is the record of all international transactions
(payments and receipts) between the individuals and entities (including the government) of
that nation and other countries during a specific time period.
REQUIRED
MARKS
a) Identify and describe the four (4) components of a BOP statement
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b) Identify and explain four (4) monetary measures to correct disequilibrium
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in the BOP
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QUESTION 3
[25 MARKS]
The term 'countertrade' refers to a set of (commercial) agreements between a buyer and a
seller in which the primary transaction is accompanied by a variety of additional conditions.
Countertrade is a system of exchange in which goods and services are used as payment
rather than money. There are several types of countertrade arrangements.
REQUIRED
MARKS
Discuss any FIVE (5) types of countertrade arrangements, citing an 25
appropriate example under each type.
QUESTION 4
[25 MARKS]
lncoterms are International Commercial Terms, a set of standardised rules published by the
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) that clarify the responsibilities, costs, and risks
between buyers and sellers in international and domestic sales contracts for goods. They
define who handles shipping, insurance, customs clearance, and risk transfer for goods,
promoting clear communication and preventing costly misunderstandings.
REQUIRED
MARKS
Critically evaluate the lncoterms related to sea and inland water transport in 25
trade finance
END OF EXAMINATION PAPER
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