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PSF602S - PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION - 1ST OPP -NOV 2022 |
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nAmI BI AunIVE RSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURALRESOURCES
DEPARTMENTOF NATURALAND APPLIEDSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF SCIENCE
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 07BOSC
COURSECODE: PSF602S
LEVEL: 6
COURSENAME: PLANT STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTION
SESSION:NOVEMBER 2022
PAPER:THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
FIRSTOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER($) DR JEYA KENNEDY
MODERATOR: PROF PERCYCHIMWAMUROMBE
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Write clearly and neatly
2. Number the answers clearly
3. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers
6. Draw diagrams wherever necessary
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
None
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 8 PAGES
(Including this front page)
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QUESTION1:
Multiple choices
[15]
Each carry one mark
1.1 Pollination by insect is called;
a) hydrophily
b) entomophily
c) anemophily
d) ornithophily
1.2 Which of the following is NOT a secondary metabolite?
a) caffeine
b) morphine
c) tannin
d) glucose
1.3 The cytoplasmic continuum connecting neighbouring cells is called the ___ _
a) apoplast
b) aquaporin
c) casparian strip
d) symplast
1.4 Exine layer of pollen grain is made up of;
a) sporopollenin
b) pectin
c) cellulose
d) pectin and cellulose
1.5 Which layer of microsporangium provides nutrition to the developing pollen grains?
a) epidermis
b) endothecium
c) tapetum
d) all
1.6 Which of the following is a mechanism of phloem transport in which dissolved sugar
is moved by means of a pressure gradient that exists between the source and the
sink?
a) pressure-flow
b) tension-cohesion
c) root pressure
d) active transport of potassium ions into guard cells
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1.7 The figure 1 shows a section through a flower;
I
J
+,.,,.---- /I
I
.,
/ ,/7
,I
,'
---2
----------3
----------4
Figure - 1
In figure -1 which structures are haploid nuclei formed by reduction division?
a) 1 and 3
b) 1 and 4
c) 2 and 3
d) 2 and 4
1.8 By trapping insects, carnivorous plants obtain--~
which they need __ _
a) nitrogen; to make protein
b) sugars; because they cannot produce sufficient amounts by photosynthesis
c) nitrogen; to make sugar
d) phosphorus; to make protein
1.9 Ground tissue is composed of undifferentiated cells with thin walls having storage,
photosynthesis and support functions. The inner portion of the ground tissue of a
nonwoody stem is called ___
and the outer portion is called _____
_
a) cork; cortex
b) pith; cortex
c) pith; cambium
d) cambium; cortex
1.10 What is the difference between a root epidermis and a shoot epidermis?
a) only the shoot epidermis produces a waxy cuticle
b) only the shoot epidermis is replaced by periderm in woody plants
c) the root epidermis has chloroplasts
d) only the root epidermis contains guard cells
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1.11 Plant defence against herbivory can be constitutive (always present) or induced
(produced in reaction to damage caused by herbivores). Which of the following is an
induced defence?
a) production of calcium oxalate
b) the production of an alkaloid
c) deposition of a layer of hardened sclerenchyma tissue
d) releasing compounds to attract parasitoid wasps
1.12 The results of the first mitotic division in a plant zygote are the ____
and the
a) suspensor;endosperm
b) proembryo; terminal cell
c) basal cell; suspensor
d) basal cell; terminal cell
1.13 Many plants cannot be fertilised by pollen from their own flowers. This is known as
self-incompatibility. In some species one or two S genes are responsible, each of
which may have many different alleles.
If a pollen grain has an S allele which matches an allele in the genotype of the
stigma, then the pollen grain fails to germinate, or the pollen tube fails to grow
through the style.
Refer to the figure - 2 below, which pollen grains would germinate on the stigma of
a flower that only included alleles S3 and S4 of the S gene?
1
2
3
4
pollengrains
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Figure 2
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 4 only
c) 3 only
d) 3 and 4 only
1.14 A branch of plant that grows and bends downwards towards soil, then it grows small
roots over surface of soil which then penetrate in soil. This kind of asexual
reproduction is known as;
a) tuber
b) runner
c) rooting branch
d) bulb and corms
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1.15 Which of the following statements describes the role of 5-genes in plants?
a) If pollen from another species lands on the stigma of a mustard plant, 5-genes
block the pollen tube growth
b) 5-genes trigger sexual reproduction in plants that normally reproduce asexually
c) 5-genes are involved in self-recognition. They prevent self-fertilization in many
plants species
d) 5-genes make plants more resistant to pests (e) 5-genes are unique to plants and
make them more susceptible to manipulation by bioengineers
QUESTION 2:
Distinguish between the pairs of the following terms.
[6]
Each carry two marks
2.1 Peduncle and pedicle
2.2 Herbaceous plants and woody plants
2.3 Complete and incomplete flower
QUESTION 3:
One sentences answers
[3]
Each answer carries one mark
..
+---''I-I-+-+~--
d
l -----9
b
Figure - 3
3.1 Refer to the figure -3 above. The structure labelled f if they are grouped together is
called the ------
3.2 What is the seat of origin of lateral root and cambium?
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QUESTION 4:
Short questions
[14]
4.1 Write two observations about the seed in the following picture (figure - 4).
(2)
4.2 Write briefly about thigmomorphogenesis.
(3)
4.3 Mention some characteristics of water seed dispersed with 3 examples.
(3)
4.4 Mention three strategies evolved to prevent self-pollination in flowers.
(3)
QUESTION 5:
[18]
Structures and functions
5.1 Use the diagram to answer each question.
F
Give the letter that correctly identifies the plant tissues shown in the photograph
above.
5.1.1 Refer to the illustration above. Give the letter that correctly identifies the plant
tissues shown in the photograph above.
i.
Cambial ring ........................................................... .
(2)
ii.
Xylem ..................................................................... .
(1)
iii.
lnterfascicular cambium .............................................
(1)
5.1.2 Refer to the illustration above. The tissue labelled B, and C is called as;
(2)
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5.1.3 The bark on a woody stem is made up of _______
and ____
_ (2)
5.1.4 The center region of ground tissue in an herbaceous stem is known as
the ---
(1)
5.1.5 Which tissue is formed in stems from cells cut off by the cambium on its
inner side?
(1)
5.2 Use the diagram to answer each question.
The development of the embryo sac in flowering plants involves both mitosis and
meiosis. Details of this development can vary in different plants. The diagrams
summarise the development of the egg cell within the embryo sac of Lilium sp.
Some of the nuclei have been labelled to indicate the ploidy: n =haploid; 2n =
diploid.
(2n)
p
A
X
u
(n) fusion {
Q
•
!R
D
B
..,._
T
s
(n) E
(n)
5.2.1 Which stage or stages, from P, Q, R, Sand T, represent meiosis II?
5.2.2 Which nucleus, B, C, D, EX or Y, is the triploid nucleus to be formed?
5.2.3 Which stage or stages, from P, Q, R, S and T, represent mitosis II?
5.2.4 Which nucleus, B, C, D, E, X, Y or Z is the diploid nucleus to be formed?
5.2.5 Which nucleus, B, C, F, X, Y or Z represent haploid nucleus?
5.2.6 Which nucleus, A, B, C, Dor E, is the first triploid nucleus to be formed?
C
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
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QUESTION 6:
Longer questions
[20]
6.1 Explain any five terms related to the shape of leaf and include a sketch.
(7)
6.2 Describe the different stages of germination of starch seeds.
(6)
6.3 Explain the chemical communication process involved in establishment of
plant partnerships with mycorrhiza fungi and why this is important.
(7)
QUESTION 7:
Essay questions
7.1 Define and explain the types of dry fruits with examples.
7.2 Discuss the structure and the mechanism of closing of the stomata.
END OF EXAMINATION PAPER
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