Section A. Please indicate whether the following statements are True or False.
(1 mark each)
1. Education is a set of components that work together as a whole to achieve a common
objective.
2. Planning is a detailed examination of anything complex to understand its nature or to
determine its essential features.
3. A System is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and understanding
through various means, including formal instruction, self-directed learning, and practical
experience.
4. Traditional Thinking is like Systems Thinking.
5. Traditional Thinking focuses on the process.
6. Traditional Thinking factors incentives and the political economy.
7. Systems Thinking seeks to understand potential causes and the dynamic factors that might be
at play.
8. Progressivists believe that the focus of education should be the ideas that have lasted over
centuries .
9. Social reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasises the addressing of social questions
and a quest to create a better society and worldwide democracy.
10. Educational Management Models are important for promoting efficiency and smooth
operations in education.
Sub-tota/=10 marks
Section B: Short answer questions
1. Explain the four situations where System Thinking can be particularly powerful. Provide a
practical example for each situation.
(20 marks)
Sub-tota/=20 marks
Section C: Essay questions
1. Why would systems approach to educational planning face complexities? (30 marks)
2. Solve any practical complex educational problems by using the Delphi Technique . In your
answer, please explain what the Delphi Technique is, its Key Characteristics and the step-by-
step process.
(40 marks)
Sub-tota/=70 marks
Total: 100 marks
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