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ALS720S - ANIMAL STUDIES 3 - 2ND OPP - JAN 2020 |
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NAMIBIA UNIVERSITY
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND SPATIAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BNTC
LEVEL: 7
COURSE CODE: ALS720s
COURSE NAME: ANIMAL STUDIES 3
SESSION: JANUARY 2020
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 150
SUPPLEMENTARY / SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) | Mrs Louise Theron
Ms Shirley Bethune
MoperRATOR: | MR. Anna Marais
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
2. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 4 PAGES (Including this front page)
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SECTION A
PATHOLOGY
QUESTION 1
1.1 Provide 4 reasons for the ever increasing emergence and spread of infectious
diseases worldwide.
(4)
1.2 Explain the term “carrier animal” using Bovine Malignant Catarrhal Fever as an
example.
(3)
1.3 Explain the term “vector” and give 2 examples.
(3)
[10]
QUESTION 2
2.1 What is the most common sign of Brucellosis in cattle?
(1)
2.2 Is Brucellosis a contagious disease?
(1)
2.3 How can humans get infected with the Brucellosis pathogen?
(3)
2.4 Explain the circumstances leading to Brucellosis in cattle.
(5)
[10]
QUESTION 3
You are the training officer in Etosha National Park. You are presenting a course to
prospective game rangers. Briefly discuss the following topics with them:
3.1 | Howcan they identify an animal that died of or is suffering from Anthrax?
(6)
3.2 Humans can also get Anthrax. Discuss the various ways by which humans can
become infected and explain how they can reduce their chances of becoming
sick while working infected animals.
(6)
[12]
QUESTION 4
Give a short description of the disease Babesiosis. Explain what it is, how animals get
it, immunity and resistance in cattle and how it can be treated. NO clinical signs
required!
[10]
QUESTION 5
Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) is a notifiable disease in Namibia. Write a report on the
importance of the disease. Explain why it is a notifiable disease, how animals get it and
how it can spread. (Do not comment on the clinical signs). Write full sentences!
[10]
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QUESTION 6
6.1 Briefly comment on the direct as well as the indirect implications of plant
poisoning for a farmer.
(7)
6.2 Ricinus communis is one of the most poisonous plants in the world, yet it is
often put to good use. Provide 2 uses for this plant.
(2)
6.3 Discuss 4 possible negative effects of pesticides.
(4)
[13]
QUESTION 7
7.1 Provide 6 post-mortem lesions that can be found in an animal that died
because of capture myopathy.
(6)
7.2 What possible reasons can there be that an animal does not “go down” as
expected after being darted by the game capture vet (takes longer than
expected)?
(4)
[10]
SUB-TOTAL [75]
SECTION B
DESERT ADAPTATIONS
QUESTION 8
Briefly explain how the following animals make use of behavioural thermoregulation to
cope with extreme desert temperatures.
8.1 Onymacris plana
(3)
8.2 Ocymyrmex robustior
(3)
8.3 Suricates
(5)
8.4 Golden mole
(2)
[13]
QUESTION 9
Make use of suitable examples to explain how desert animals avoid and/or tolerate
dehydration. Note: do not provide methods of water gain!
[12]
QUESTION 10
10.1 “Shade creation is one method used by desert birds to cope with extreme
temperatures.” Discuss this statement.
(5)
10.2 Apart for the mole-rats — report on five other methods that animals living in the
arid and semi-arid regions of Namibia (like Kunene) use to cope with the
problem of unpredictable and poor quality food supplies.
(5)
[10]
SUB-TOTAL [35]
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SECTION C
ENDEMISM IN NAMIBIA
QUESTION 11
11.1 Clearly differentiate between a true endemic and a near-endemic species
(2)
11.2 a) Using Namibia's barking geckoes as an example, explain what speciation is.
(1)
b) Briefly discuss the original speciation of Namibia’s barking geckoes, name
both endemic species and say where and why they speciated.
(4)
c) Based on the recent research by Francois Becker in the Namib, discuss the
continued speciation of Ptenopus carpi and the evidence that he has found
to support this.
(5)
11.3 Give the scientific name of the Damara Tern and explain why it is considered to
be a breeding endemic.
(2)
11.4 Give the scientific name of the nocturnal Namib Dune gecko, and say why they
glow under ultra-violet light.
(2)
115 Give both the common and scientific names of the Namibian endemic ground
squirrel, and give two characteristics you as a tour guide in Etosha National
Park can use to distinguished it from the similar-looking South African ground
squirrel, that also occurs in Etosha.
(4)
[20]
QUESTION 12
Choose either A or B
Some years ago, the Namib Sandsea became Namibia’s second World Heritage
Site, and for its unique plants and animals as well as its outstanding natural
beauty, and the interesting geomorphological processes that shaped it. Write
a paragraph on each of the following three unique animals found only there:
Namibia’s only truly endemic bird, one endemic reptile and one endemic
mammal, found only in the Namib Sand Sea.
Give both the common (%) and scientific (1) names of each and describe what
each looks like (1). Say if it is a true endemic or a near-endemic (4), give its
distribution and its preferred habitat (1). Discuss how it is adapted to surviving
in dunes. You may add other interesting facts too (1).
Mark allocation: Title (1), Introduction (2), Discussion (5 marks per animal) and
Conclusion (2).
[20]
OR Option B on next page!
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The north-western escarpment area of Namibia forms an ecotone between the
savannah and Namib desert biomes, and together with the woodlands
alongside the large ephemeral rivers that cross it provides a variety of habitats,
creating niches for a wide variety of species to evolve. Tourists are drawn to
the wide variety of endemic and near-endemic birds found there.
Choose three, near-endemic, bird species that occur there and prepare a short
pamphlet to guide tourists visiting the Palmwag concession area. Include a
paragraph on each of the three bird you choose, giving its common (1) and
scientific (1) name, its main distinguishing features (1), its preferred habitat (1)
and where it nests (1).
Mark allocation: Title (1), Introduction (2), Discussion (5 marks per bird) and
Conclusion (2).
[20]
SUB-TOTAL [40]
TOTAL [150]