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ZLY520S-ZOOLOGY 1-1ST OPP-NOV 2024 |
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'9
nAm I BIA un IVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,NATURALRESOURCESAND APPLIEDSCIENCES
SCHOOLOF AGRICULTUREAND NATURALRESOURCESCIENCES
DEPARTMENTOF NATURALRESOURCESSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF NATURALRESOURCESMANAGEMENT
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BNRS
COURSECODE: ZLY520S
LEVEL: 7
COURSENAME: ZOOLOGY 1
DATE: NOVEMBER 2024
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 150
FIRSTOPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) Mrs. Gertruida Louisa Theron
MODERATOR: Mr. Helmuth Tjikurunda
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
1. Examination question paper
2. Answering book
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 5 PAGES(Including this front page)
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SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS (Terminology)
[30 MARKS]
QUESTION 1
Provide the correct term for each of the following.
[10]
1.1 Exterior opening of the water vascular system of echinoderms.
1.2 Excretory structures of earthworms (2/segment).
1.3 The blood-like fluid of animals with open circulatory systems.
1.4 Chemical produced by leeches to prevent blood clotting.
1.5 Most primitive phylum with a complete digestive system.
1.6 The pre-oral segment in annelids.
1.7 Producing eggs that are incubated and hatched within the parent's body, as
with some fishes and reptiles.
1.8 The plate covering the gills of a bony fish.
1.9 Opening on segment 14 of earthworms, where eggs are released
1.10 Integument of molluscs that is covered by and secretes the shell.
QUESTION 2
One word in each of the following lists does not belong with the rest of the words in
that list. Write down the number (only) and the word/term that doesn't fit.
[10]
2.1 Sole; hake; shark; eel; anchovy; pilchard; sea horse
2.2 Parapodia; clitellum; setae; marine; tentacles
2.3 Planaria; bilharzias; leech; tapeworm, liver fluke
2.4 Sea cucumber; five arms; tentacles; leathery texture; anus; tube feet
2.5 Sun spider; poison fangs; powerful chelcerae; leg-like pedipalps; Solpugida
2.6 Polyp; medusa; triploblastic; gastro-vascular cavity
2.7 Nematoda; triploblastic; segments; anus
2.8 Tapeworm; scolex; strobila; ephyra
2.9 Cycloid scales; swimbladder; gills; spiral valve
2.10 Tentacles; jet propulsion; suckers; mantle; muscular foot
QUESTION 3
Each of the following sets of characteristics describes a Class. Write down the number
(only) and the Classthat particular set refers to.
[10]
3.1 Dorso-ventrally flattened; about 34 somites; clitellum; suckers
3.2 Dorso-ventrally flattened; mid-ventral mouth; bilateral symmetry; incomplete
digestive system
3.3 Triploblastic; hooks and suckers; no body cavity; no true segmentation
3.4 Tubefeet; anus on oral surface; ambulacral groove; radial symmetry
3.5 Diploblastic; nematocysts; polyp stage; "flower animals"
3.6 Jointed appendages; head+ trunk; poison claws; predacious
3.7 Chelicerae; external fertilization; telson; carapace
3.8 Muscular foot; radula; head reduced; dorso-ventrally flattened
3.9 Prostomium; segments; setae; separate sexes
3.10 "Hedgehog skin"; radial symmetry; external fertilization; no anus
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SECTION B: LONGER QUESTIONS
[120 MARKS]
QUESTION 4 (Cell division)
4.1 Describe the process of crossing over in meiosis and explain its significance for
genetic diversity.
(2)
4.2 The diagram below shows two phases of meiosis. Identify the phases and
explain what is happening.
(4)
I
I --t
4.3 How does the chromosome number in daughter cells compare after mitosis and
meiosis?
(2)
4.4 Re-draw and complete the following table to compare/contrast mitosis and
meiosis.
(4)
Feature
Mitosis
Meiosis
Purpose of the process?
Number of daughter
cells
Chromosome number
of daughter cells?
Crossing over occurs?
[12)
QUESTION 5 (Genetics)
In Kai fish, black scales (B) are dominant over orange scales (b) and long whiskers (A)
are dominant over short whiskers (a). A heterozygous black male with long whiskers
mates with an orange female with short whiskers.
5.1 What is the genotype of each parent fish?
(2)
5.2 Using a Punnett square, determine the expected genotypes and phenotypes of
the F2 generation. Summarize your answers!
(8)
10)
QUESTION 6
6.1 Explain the term "gastro-vascular cavity". Provide one example of an animal
with a gastro-vascular cavity.
(2)
6.2 Use Coelenterata as an example to explain the term "Polymorphism".
(2)
6.3 Explain three primitive characteristics of Coelenterata - as compared to higher
animals.
(6)
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6.4 Differentiate between the Porifera, Coelenterata and Platyhelminthes in the
way they "perceive" their environment (sensory/nervous "systems").
(6)
[16)
QUESTION 7
7.1 Tabulate 3 ways in which the Platyhelminthes are more advanced than the
Coelenterata
(3)
7.2 In tabular form. explain 4 difference between the reproductive strategies of the
Polychaeta and the Oligochaeta.
(8)
[11)
QUESTION 8
8.1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an exoskeleton?
8.2 To what insect order does the mopane worm belong?
8.3 What are the functions of the ovigorous legs, found in Pycnogonida?
8.4 In tabular form, provide 5 differences between the Chilopoda and the
Diplopoda.
(5)
(1)
(2)
(10)
[18)
QUESTION 9
A
B
Limpet
Questions 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3 refer to the pictures above.
9.1 Does the organism in picture A belong to the same mollusc class as the
organism in picture B? If yes, state the class they both belong to. If no, state
the class each one belongs to.
(2)
9.2 Provide TWO characteristics that A and B share with each other, but NOT with
other members of the phylum.
(2)
9.3 Provide TWO differences between A and B
(2)
9.4 In tabular form, provide 4 differences between the Polyplacophora and the
Bivalvia.
(8)
[14)
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QUESTION 10
10.1 Name two distinguishing characteristics of the Echinodermata.
(2)
10.2 What are the functions (2) of the pedicellariae found in some echinoderms?
(2)
10.3 Re-draw the following table to compare the Asteroidea and the Ophiuroidea
based on the following: Central disc; Ambulacral groove; Type of feeder and
Opening for egestion.
(8)
Asteroid ea
Ophiuroidea
Central disc
Ambulacral groove
Type of feeder
Opening used for
egestion
[12)
QUESTION 11
11.1 Name 3 reasons why a sea squirt, a cephalochordate and a sea cow all belong
to the same phylum. Also name the phylum they belong to.
(4)
11.2 Explain the functions of the following features in fish.
(6)
(a) Nose
(b) Lateral line (2)
(c) Swim-bladder
(d) Caudal fins
(e) Pectoral fins
11.3 What type of scales do you find in Chondrichtyes?
(1)
11.4 Briefly explain how each of the following teleosts is adapted to its specific way
of life.
(4)
(a) Angler fish (2)
(b) Sole (2)
[15)
QUESTION 12
12.1 What is the distinguishing characteristic of the ClassAmphibia?
(1)
12.2 Why does one not find many amphibians in the desert?
(3)
12.3 Discuss4 major adaptations that allowed amphibians to move from water to
land. Use proper explanatory sentences.
(8)
[12)
TOTAL [150)