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CRM820S - COMMUNITY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - 1ST OPP - NOV 2022 |
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n Am I BI A u n IVER s ITY
OF SCIEnCE AnOTECHnOLOGY
Facultyof Health,Applied
ScienceasndNaturalResources
DepartmentofAgricultureand
NaturalResourcesSciences
13JacksonKau]euaStreet
Private Bag13388
Windhoek
NAMIBIA
T: +264612072141
F: +264 61207 91'11
E: rl11as@nust.na
W: www.nust.na
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF NATURAL RESOURCESMANAGEMENT HONOURS (NATURE
CONSERVATION)
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BHNC
LEVEL: 8
COURSE CODE: CRM 820S
COURSE NAME: COMMUNITY RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
SESSION: NOVEMBER 2022
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 120
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) MR. H. TJIKURUNDA
MODERATOR: MS. SIPHIWE LUTIBEZI
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
2. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 2 PAGES (excluding this front page)
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QUESTION 1
Narrate how the conservation of natural resources in Namibia have evolved since the
colonial period. Give emphasis on the key events (including the legal framework) that
influenced conservation of NRs during that specific period. In your discussion, also
indicate/explain the consequences of such events on conservation of natural resources in
Namibia.
[20]
QUESTION 2
Discuss the natural resources management pillar/implementation
following:
area in terms of the
[14]
2.1. Notable achievements under this implementation area (NRM) with some examples (5
points)
2.2. Main challenges under this implementation area (NRM) (8 points).
QUESTION 3
Differentiate between a policy, legislation and international convention/multinational
environmental agreement (MEA). Also provide an example of a conservation policy,
legislation and international convention/MEA that is relevant to Namibia.
[15]
QUESTION 4
In 1998 the first four communal conservancies were gazetted by the MEFT: Nyae Nyae in the
east of Namibia, in former 'Bushmanland'; Salambala, in the riverine north east, on the border
to Bostwana; ;tKhoadi-/ /H6as, straddling the border between Kunene north and south in the
arid north west; and to the south of it, Torra, spreading westwards towards the Skeleton
Coast. Currently, the total number of registered communal conservancies stands at 86. These
communal conservancies have produced massive positive impacts.
Write an essay discussing the outstanding positive impacts by communal conservancies in
Namibia focusing on the following headings and also use examples in your answers.
[16]
• Economic development
• Improved Rural Livelihoods
• Large Landscape Conservation/Connectivity
• Provision of Ecosystem Services
QUESTION 5
Climate change is expected to negatively impact on Namibia, especially being the driest country
south of Sahara. Specifically, studies have indicated that climate change will adversely affect the
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ability of physical and biological systems to sustain human development including socio-
economic development.
[20]
5.1 Debate the advantage offered by wildlife and tourism in comparison to livestock
production.
5.2 CBNRM could be used as a tool for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Justify th is statement.
[15]
QUESTION 6
Using any five design principles, make institutional comparisons in southern Africa community-
based conservation.
[20]
QUESTON 7
Is conservation hunting an ecological and economical sustainable conservation approach
for Namibia? Discuss the answer.
[15]
TOTAL: 120
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