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CRM820S - COMMUNITY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - 2ND OPP - JAN 2023 |
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nAmI BI A unIVER sITY
OF SCIEnCE AnOTECHnOLOGY
Facultyof Health,Applied
SciencesandNaturalResources
DepartmentofAgricultureand
NaturalResourcesSciences
n JacksonKaujeuaStreet
Prlvatr. Bag1:l3B8
Wlndl1oek
NAMIBIA
T: •264612072141
F: •264 61207 91111
E: dnas@nust.na
W: www.nust.na
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF NATURAL RESOURCESMANAGEMENT HONOURS (NATURE
CONSERVATION)
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BHNC
LEVEL: 8
COURSE CODE: CRM 8205
DATE: JANUARY 2023
COURSE NAME: COMMUNITY RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
PAPER: THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 120
SECOND OPPORTUNITY /SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) Mr. Helmuth Tjikurunda
MODERATOR: Ms. Siphiwe Lutibezi
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
2. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
THIS MARKING SCHEME CONSISTS OF 3 PAGES (Including this front page)
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QUESTION 1
Discusshow the emerging and existing conservancies are expected to comply with each of
the five principles that guides CBNRM, what the emerging and existing conservancies are
expected to do to comply with each of these five principles. Hint: mention each principle
and then discuss how a conservancy must comply under each principle.
[15]
QUESTION 2
By enforcing property rights in governance, natural resources can be utilized sustainably.
2.1. In what way does common property rights improve the management of (10)
natural resources?
2.2. What are the key challenges regarding common property rights.
(10)
[20]
QUESTION 3
CBNRM is characterised by three implementation areas/pillars, namely: 1) institutional
development and governance, 2) natural resources management (NRM), 3) Business,
Enterprise and Livelihoods. Examine the natural resources management
pillar/implementation area in terms of the following:
3.1. Notable achievements under this implementation area (NRM) with some
(5)
examples (S points)
3.2. Main challenges under this implementation area (NRM) (10 points).
(10)
[15]
QUESTION 4
Otjikongo and Otjindjerese Conservancies located in the Kunene Region are two of the newest
communal conservancies gazetted in Namibia. To generate income for its members a new
tourism lodge is proposed for these Conservancies. In this hypothetical case, the conservancy
committee has identified their preferred lodge sites. Land has not yet been secured/granted;
a private investor to build and co-manage the lodges has been identified; an environmental
impact assessment (EIA) guided by the Directorate of Environmental Affairs (DEA), Ministry
of Environment, Forestry and Tourism (MEFT) must be done for the lodges.
4.1. Draw a Power/Interest Grid of Stakeholders to involve in the proposed
(8)
developmental activities.
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4.2. Explain the power/influence (including the level) of each and every stakeholder. (7)
[15]
QUESTION 5
5.1. Explain five factors to take into consideration when setting quotas/offtakes for (10)
migratory wildlife such as elephants in Namibia.
5.2. Quota setting is one cumbersome process and should be done carefully. list and (10)
explain five challenges associated with quota setting in Namibia?
[20]
QUESTION 6
Tourism and hunting are the two major sources of income for communal conservancies in
Namibia, they play an important role to conservation. Regardless of their importance there
is a debate/controversy on the sustainability of wildlife utilization, specifically the large and
charismatic species such as elephants as a means to generate benefits and incentives for
conservation. Several western nations, especially the animal rights groups in these
countries, are advocating for 1) a ban on trophy hunting, 2) restrictions on imports of
trophies to countries such as the United States and Australia, and 3) banning of trophies
being transported by some of the major commercial airlines.
Write an essay, discussing how banning of hunting would impact on the conservation of
wildlife and on the incentives for Namibian people to co-exist with wildlife.
[20]
QUESTION 7
Compare and contrast various regional approaches to community natural resource management in
central, eastern, west and southern Africa.
[15]
TOTAL: 120
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