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MAP512S - MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY - 2ND OPP - JAN 2023 |
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nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCES& NATURALRESOURCES
DEPARTMENTOF HEALTHSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF ENVIRONMENTALHEALTHSCIENCES
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BOHS
LEVEL: 5
COURSECODE: MAP512S
COURSENAME: MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
SESSION:JANUARY 2023
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER:THEORY
MARKS: 120
SUPPLEMENTARY/SECONDOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) Mr DAVID CARELSE
MODERATOR: Dr LARAI AKU AKAi
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions in the answer book provided.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
4. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
1. Scientific Calculator
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 9 PAGES(including this cover page)
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SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [20]
Question 1 (20)
• There are 20 multiple choice questions in this section.
• Answer ALLquestions by selecting the letter of the correct answer.
(Each question carries 1 mark).
1.1 The germ theory of disease states that:
A. Bacteria are microscopic
B. Bacteria produce resistant spores
C. Only bacterial organisms may cause disease
D. Microorganisms are the cause of diseases
E. None of the above
1.2 Who was the first man to discover the cause of the disease anthrax and
tuberculosis?
A. Alexander Flemming
B. Robert Koch
C. Louis Pasteur
D. None of the above
E. All the above
1.3 Which of these bacterial components is least likely to contain useful antigens?
A. Cell wall
B. Flagella
C. Ribosomes
D. Capsule
E. None of the above
1.4 Which of the following contains structures composed of N-acetylmuramic acid and
N-acetylglucosamine?
A. Mycoplasmas
B. Amoeba
C. E.coli
D. Spheroplast
E. None of the above
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1.5 The association of endotoxin in gram-negative bacteria is due to the presence of:
A. Steroids
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Lipopolysaccharides
D. Polypeptide
E. All of the above
1.6 Which of the statements regarding gram staining is wrong?
A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis stains blue because of the thick lipid layer
B. Streptococcus pyogenes stains blue because of a thick peptidoglycan layer
C. Escherichia coli stains pink because of a thin peptidoglycan layer
D. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is not visible in the Gram's stain because it has no cell
wall
E. None of the above
1.7 Which of the following is not a recognized cause of diarrhea?
A. Vibrio cholerae
B. Escherichia coli
C. Clostridium perfringens
D. Enterococcus faecalis
E. All of the above
1.8 Which of the following is a gram-positive eubacterium?
A. Actinomyces
B. Clostridium
C. Rhizobium
D. Clostridium, Actinomyces
E. None of the above
1.9 Diarrhea is not caused by:
A. Shigella dysenteriae
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Clostridium difficile
D. Salmonella enteriditis
E. All of the above
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1.10 The coagulase test is done to differentiate:
A. Staphylococcus aureus from Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Staphylococcus epidermidis from Neisseria meningitidis
C. Streptococcus pyogenes from Enterococcus faecalis
D. Streptococcus pyogenes from Staphylococcus aureus
E. None of the above
1.11 Prokaryotic cells are more resistant to osmotic shock than eukaryotic cells because:
A. Their cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan
B. They are selectively permeable
C. They contain osmoregulation porins
D. They block water molecules from entering the cell
E. None of the above
1.12 The domains in which thermophiles exist are:
A. Eubacteria
B. Eukarya
C. Archaea
D. Protista
E. All of the above
1.13 The symbiotic relationship most observed in protists, for example, the species
Trypanosoma protozoa that can cause sleeping sickness:
A. Predation
B. Commensalism
C. Mutualism
D. Parasitism
E. None of the above
1.14 The process of sterilizing milk using heat and rapid cooling is called:
A. Heating
B. Radappertization
C. Tyndallisation
D. Pasteurization
E. None of the above
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1.15 A bactericide is a substance that:
A. Slows down bacterial growth
B. Kills some bacteria while allowing some to grow
C. Have no effect on bacteria
D. Kills bacteria
E. None of the above
1.16 Which microorganism(s) among the following perform photosynthesis by utilizing
light?
A. Cyanobacteria, Fungi and Viruses
B. Viruses
C. Cyanobacteria
D. Fungi
E. None of the above
1.17 Which part of the compound microscope helps in gathering and focusing light rays
on the specimen to be viewed?
A. Condenser lens
B. Magnifying lens
C. Objective lens
D. Eyepiece lens
E. All of the above
1.18 Bacteria having a tuft of flagella one pole of a cell are known as?
A. Amphitrichous
B. Monotrichous
C. Peritrichous
D. Lophotrichous
E. Bi-trichous
1.19 Growth of bacteria or microorganisms refer to:
A. Changes in the total population
B. An increase in number of cells
C. An increase in the size of an individual organism
D. An increase in the mass of an individual organism
E. All of the above
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1.20 Techoic acids in cell walls is characteristic of:
A. Algae
B. Fungi
C. Gram-negative bacteria
D. Gram-positive bacteria
E. Mycobacteria
SECTION B [100]
Question 2 (16)
Define the following terms (Each correct answer earns 2 marks):
2.1 Acid fastness
2.2 Colony
2.3 Commensalism
2.4 Decimal Reduction Time (D value)
2.5 Exotoxin
2.6 Aseptic Technique
2.7 Biofilm
2.8 Botulism
Question 3 (10)
Differentiate between the following terms (Each answer earns 2 marks):
3.1 Saprophytes and parasites
3.2 Bacterial spore and Fungal spore
3.3 Lipopolysaccharides and Teichoic acid
3.4 Differential media and Selective media
3.5 Nitrogen fixation and Nitrification
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Question 4 (10)
With the aid of diagrams, briefly outline the process of antibiotic isolation and
characterization using the Cross-Streak Method.
Question 5 (18)
5.1 Mention the components of a Gram Strain and what they are used for:
(8)
Puq2oseof com12onent
Gram-stain com12onent
5.2 For each of the following mention the common name (CN} and disease (D) caused
where applicable:
(10}
5.2.1 Taenia spp (D + CN}
5.2.2 Trichuris trichuria (D + CN}
5.2.3 Trypanosoma spp (D + CN}
5.2.4 Ascaris lumbricoides (D + CN}
5.2.5 Hymenolepis nana (D+ CN)
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Question 6 (10}
The figure below illustrates changes in population of different types of microorganisms with
change in environmental temperature.
Optimal growth temperatur~ {OGT) for.Different Species
8
C
...c:
D
E
i
B
I.)
o 10 ;,w Jo
60 70 6{l ~;I{) IOO 110 120
6.1 State the name given to each group of microorganisms A, B, C, D and E
(5)
6.2 Give a typical organism growing in the temperature range of each
(5)
Question 7 (12)
7.1 List seven (7) example of technologies related to bioremediation
(7)
7.2 Mention an advantage of each of these microscopic techniques in relation to their
use in microbiology:
(5)
7.2.1 Bright field microscopy
7.2.2 Dark field microscopy
7.2.3 Phase contrast microscopy
7.2.4 Florescence microscopy
7.2.5 Electron microscopy
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Question 8 (14)
Several biochemical tests are available to aid in the identification of microorganisms. For
each of the following {A-N) fill in the missing information. (Each correct answer earns 1
mark).
Test
Cata lase
Slide coagulase
Tube coagulase
F
Spot indole
Bile solubility
PYR
Urease
DNase
Hippurate
hydrolysis
Positive
A
C
D
Purple pigment
Reddish-pink
pigment
Clear broth
I
Pink
Clear medium
Purple/violent
Negative
B
No clumps on slide
E
No pigment
G
H
Pink/red
J
L
N
Target
Peroxide
CRF
CRF
Cytochrome
oxidase
Tryptophanase
Autolytic enzyme
Pyrogl uta myl-
a minopeptidase
K
M
Hippuricase
Question 9 (10)
Outline the life cycle of the pinworm life cycle.
END
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