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WRM721S - WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - 2ND OPP - NOV 2024 |
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n Am I BI A unIVE Rs ITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF HEALTH, NATURAL RESOURCESAND APPLIED SCIENCES
SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCESSCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND AGRIBUSINESS
QUALIFICATIONS: BACHELOROF SCIENCEIN AGRICULTURE
QUALIFICATIONS CODE: 07BAGA LEVEL: 7
COURSE CODE: WRM721S
DATE: JANUARY 2025
COURSE NAME: WATER RESOURCESMANAGEMENT
PAPER:2
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY/SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
DR. GABRIEL NGUNGAA HANGARA
MODERATOR: DR. VALENTINE Y. KATIE
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all the questions.
2. Write neatly and clearly.
3. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
4. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink.
5. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. Calculator
2. Examination paper
3. Examination script
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 2 PAGES
(Excluding This Front Page)
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QUESTION 1
Explain the four major types of water pollution with examples of each with a help of a
diagram.
(10)
QUESTION 2
What are the determinants of water quality?
(3)
QUESTION 3
Name 10 water quality indices used to calculate irrigation water quality.
(10)
QUESTION 4
Assume as the size of the roof-top is 15m by 80m, the total amount of rainfall in the area is
300mm per annum and the runoff coefficient is 0.9. Calculate how many litres of water will
be harvested per year.
(5)
QUESTION 5
What are the main economical tools of IWRM and why are they necessary?
(6)
QUESTION 6
Explain how the human impacts the hydrologic cycle.
(10)
QUESTION 7
What are the elements that need to be covered in river basin management plan?
(7)
QUESTION 8
What are the three planning steps you should perform when auditing your farm water
requirements?
(3)
QUESTION 9
What are the four main sources of water common in rural community?
(4)
QUESTION 10
What are the four general areas of water use to consider on the farmland?
(4)
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QUESTION 11
Calculate the livestock drinking water quality index by using water value, assigned weight and
livestock standard for drink water as indicated in the table below. Pleaseinterpret the answer.
{30)
Parameter
pH
Conductivity
TDS (determined)
Turbidity
Sulphate as S04
Chloride as Cl
Fluoride as F
Nitrate as N
Nitrite as N
T-Alkalinity as CaC03
T-Hardness as CaC03,cal.
Calcium as Ca
Magnesium as Mg
Sodium as Na
Potassium as K
Iron as Fe
Manganese as Mn
Unit
mS/m
mg/I
NTU
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
mg/I
Water
Value
9.2
262.9
1697
0.95
152
170
3.3
30
0.1
880
5
658
6.7
0.6
1
0.01
0.05
Assigned
Weight
2.7
2.9
4.6
2.9
3.3
4.5
2
2.57
2
2.5
2
2
2
2.5
2
1
2
Livestock
Standard
10
1000
1000
30
125
15000
2
11
10
500
100
1000
2
400
20
0.3
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QUESTION 12
Answer the following statement whether they are true or false.
12.1 The governmental role is to create a framework in which management, determination
of the politics, planning, waters distribution, monitoring, law application, and solving of
conflicts should occur.
(2)
12.2 The governments have to create conditions so that all acting persons who are interested
in the problems of water resources use and their conservation are allowed to
participate in the process of their solving and to make contracts for achievement of
suitable solutions for all.
(2)
12.3 In the present conditions of free market economy, the local communities must play the
reduced role of deliverance of services and to concentrate more efforts on its role of
regulator and control on the deliverance of the specialized services.
(2)
12.4 Government and their members are frequently involved in water resource
management and conservation activities.
(2)
[8]
END OF QUESTION PAPER
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