 |
NRM511S - NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2022 |
|
|
1 Page 1 |
▲back to top |
nAmlBIA un1VERSITY
OF SCIEn CE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF ENGINEERINGAND SPATIALSCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTUREAND SPATIALSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF REGIONAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BRAR
LEVEL:
5
CREDITS:
12
COURSE CODE:
NRM511S COURSE NAME: NATURAL RESOURCEMANAGEMENT
DATE:
JUNE 2022 PAPER:
THEORY
DURATION:
3 HOURS MARKS:
100
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
Marina Coetzee
MODERATOR: Ben Strohbach
1. Answer ALL the questions.
INSTRUCTIONS
2. Read the entire question paper before answering the questions.
3. Questions may be answered in any sequence, provided that they are numbered clearly
and correctly.
4. Write clearly and legibly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
Pen, ruler, pencil and eraser
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 12 QUESTIONS AND 7 PAGES (including this front page)
|
|
2 Page 2 |
▲back to top |
Natural ResourceManagement
NRMSllS
Question 1:
Select the single CORRECTanswer to each of the following questions. Just write down the
number, e.g. (a) D.
(a)
Water is provided to ....
A Gobabis by the Omatjenne Dam
B Windhoek by the Goreangab Dam
C Keetmanshoop by the Naute Dam
D Karasburg by the Neckertal Dam
E Swakopmund by the Koichab Aquifer
(1)
(b)
Coral bleaching is caused by ...
A excess nutrients
B ocean acidification
C blast fishing
D ocean warming
E ultraviolet radiation
(1)
(c)
Supply-side water management includes ....
A campaigns to foster awareness of water scarcity
B construction of large dams, pipelines and canals
C installation of water-saving toilets and showers in new houses
D sliding-scale water-use tariffs
E fixing of leaking taps
(1)
(d)
The major international treaty for protection of the ozone layer is the ....
A Kyoto Protocol
B Paris Agreement
C UNFCCC
D Montreal Protocol
E UNCBD
(1)
(e)
Desertification is ....
A an extreme form of land degradation in arid regions
B the natural condition of drylands
C caused by droughts
D an extended period of below-normal rainfall
E a natural phenomenon that creates deserts
(1)
1'1 Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page2 of7
June 2022
|
|
3 Page 3 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
(f)
The following are Namibian Ramsar sites:
A Lower Okavango-Bwabwata, Sossusvlei, Etosha Pan
B Kunene River Mouth, Etosha Pan, Sandwich Harbour
C Etosha Pan, Hardap Dam, Lake Otjikoto
D Hardap Dam, Lake Otjikoto, Lake Liambezi
E Orange River Mouth, Sandwich Harbour, Walvis Bay Lagune
(g)
Which one of the following is a hydropower station?
A Von Eck
B Omburu
C Kudu
D Ruacana
E Ombepo
(h)
Which one of the following is a natural greenhouse gas?
A water vapour
B nitrogen
C carbon tetrachloride
D oxygen
E methyl bromide
(i)
The troposphere ....
A is where the International Space Station orbits the earth
B intercepts harmful x-rays from the sun
C is where most weather phenomena occur
D is where the atmosphere ends and interplanetary space begins
E is where charged particles from the sun become visible as the auroras
(j)
The ozone layer forms part of the ....
A troposphere
B stratosphere
C magnetosphere
D mesosphere
E thermosphere
NRMSllS
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
[10]
l51 Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 3 of7
June 2022
|
|
4 Page 4 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRMSllS
Question 2:
List and explain four {4) cultural services provided by the atmosphere.
{4)
[4]
Question 3:
What do you understand under the term 'rangeland'? In your explanation, clearly state which
types of land cover or land use are included and which are excluded from the term.
{10)
[10]
Question 4:
{a)
The National Botanical Research Institute of Namibia collects and preserves seeds of
various mahangu land races*. They also send seeds for safekeeping to the SADCPlant
Genetic Resource Centre in in Lusaka and the Millennium Seedbank in London.
Why is it important to preserve the land races and wild relatives of our food crops?
(*A 'landrace' is a domesticated, locally adapted, traditional variety of a species that has
developed over time, through adaptation to its natural and cultural environment of
agriculture and pastoralism, and due to isolation from other populations of the species. It
differs from 'cultivars', which refer to the products of breeding programmes that set out
purposefully to enhance or maintain specific characteristics)
{3)
{b)
How does species diversity globally change {increase/ decrease) ....
{i) from lower to higher altitude
{ii) from lower to higher rainfall
(iii) from lower to higher temperature
(iv) from lower to higher nutrient levels?
{4)
[7]
Question 5:
(a)
What are mangroves and where do they occur?
(3)
(b)
List four (4) ecosystem services provided by mangroves that are different from those
provided by equatorial rainforests. Be specific.
{4)
ist Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 4 of 7
[7]
June 2022
|
|
5 Page 5 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRMSllS
Question 6:
(a)
Name two (2) natural and two (2) anthropogenic climate forcings.
Use full, descriptive sentences, not just bulleted phrases.
(4)
(b)
Write down two negative and one positive effect that melting of Arctic sea-ice will
have.
(3)
(c)
Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of heatwaves
(extraordinary hot periods) in Namibia. Suggest some measures that livestock farmers
can implement to let their animals cope better with these extreme events.
(4)
[11]
Question 7:
(a)
What are the effects of light pollution on human health?
(4)
(b)
Suggest four (4) strategies that the Namibia government and individual Namibians can
implement to fight plastic pollution.
(4)
[8]
Question 8:
(a)
"Although wind power is a form of renewable energy, it has some adverse
environmental and social impacts." Justify this statement.
(4)
(b)
Explain the basics of how a concentrated solar power plant (CSP)works.
(4)
[8]
Question 9:
(a)
Explain, with appropriate examples of its uses, what graphite is.
(3)
(b)
Where in Namibia is graphite mined?
(1)
1'1 Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 5 of7
June 2022
|
|
6 Page 6 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
(c)
Name four (4) ways in which mining operations can negatively affect the environment (4)
[8]
Question 10:
(a)
The Kuiseb River drains part of the Khomas Hochland west of Windhoek and ends just
south of Walvis Bay. It provides some very specific goods and ecosystem services.
With these in mind, discuss the ecological and economic importance of the Kuiseb
River.
(8)
(b)
What is managed aquifer recharge, why is it done and how is it applied in Namibia?
(7)
[15]
Question 11:
Differentiate between weather and climate.
(2)
[2]
Question 12:
Match each term in Column 1 with the appropriate description in Column 2. Write down only
the capital letter from Column 2 next to the small letter from Column 1, for example (a) D.
Column 1
Column 2
(a)
Tailings
A
Soil becoming more acidic
(b)
Compaction
B
Groundwater that reaches the surface without the
need for pumping
(c)
Sodification
C
Caused by algal blooms
(d)
Species richness
D
Increase in size and vigour of bushes
(e)
Waterlogging
E
Soil degradation through constant cultivation
(f)
Nutrient mining
without addition of fertilisers
pt Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 6 of7
(continue on next page)
June 2022
|
|
7 Page 7 |
▲back to top |
Natural ResourceManagement
(g)
Ozone-depleting
F
substance
(h)
Bush density
G
(i)
Artesian water
H
(j)
Eutrophication
J
K
L
M
N
0
P
Q
R
S
T
NRM511S
The materials left over after the process of
separating the valuable fraction from the
uneconomic fraction of an ore
Soil is saturated with water for long periods
Soil accumulating sodium to the extent that it
hampers root growth and infiltration of water
Groundwater in an unconfined karstic aquifer
Caused by methane hydrates
Chlorofluorocarbon
Soil degradation through overuse of fertilisers
The waste rock or materials overlying a mineral body
that are displaced during mining without being
processed
Number of bushes per hectare
Soil is dried out by the presence of dongas (gullies)
Collapse of soil structure by incorrect ploughing
methods and use of heavy machinery
Volatile organic compound
The number of individuals of each species in an area
Formation of soil crusts by raindrop impact
The number of species in an area
{10)
[10]
TOTAL: 100
1'1 Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page7 of7
June 2022