 |
NRM511S - NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2023 |
|
|
1 Page 1 |
▲back to top |
nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEn CE AnD TECHn OLOGY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF REGIONAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BRAR
LEVEL:
5
CREDITS:
12
COURSE CODE:
NRM511S COURSE NAME: NATURAL RESOURCEMANAGEMENT
DATE:
JUNE 2023 PAPER:
THEORY
DURATION:
3 HOURS MARKS:
100
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
Marina Coetzee
MODERATOR: Ben Strohbach
1. Answer ALL the questions.
INSTRUCTIONS
2. Read the entire question paper before answering the questions.
3. Questions may be answered in any sequence, provided that they are numbered clearly
and correctly.
4. Write clearly and legibly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
Pen, ruler, pencil and eraser
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 11 QUESTIONS AND 7 PAGES (including this front page)
|
|
2 Page 2 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
Question 1:
Select the single CORRECTanswer to each of the following questions. Just write down the
number, e.g. (a) D.
(a)
One of Windhoek's water supply sources is the ....
A Swakoppoort Dam
B Otjivero Pipeline
C Naute Dam
D Okavango River
E Omdel Aquifer
(1)
(b)
Demand-side water management includes ....
A desalinization of seawater
B installation of water-wise gardens
C construction of water-purification plants
D inter-basin water transfers
E transboundary water-use agreements
(1)
(c)
The capacity of the environment to absorb, neutralise or recycle wastes is called ...
A perpetual resources
B sinks
C provisioning services
D ecosystems
E renewable resources
(1)
(d)
The form of light pollution in which oncoming traffic temporarily blinds a driver is ...
A skyglow
B light clutter
C glare
D colour blindness
E light trespass
(1)
(e)
Desertification is ....
A an extreme form of land degradation in arid regions
B caused by droughts
C an extended period of below-normal rainfall
D the natural condition of drylands
E a natural phenomenon that creates deserts
(1)
1st Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 2 of 7
June 2023
|
|
3 Page 3 |
▲back to top |
Natural ResourceManagement
NRM511S
(f)
The following are Namibian Ramsar sites:
A Hardap Dam, Lake Otjikoto, Lake Liambezi
B Kunene River Mouth, Etosha Pan, Sandwich Harbour
C Etosha Pan, Hardap Dam, Lake Otjikoto
D Orange River Mouth, Sandwich Harbour, Walvis Bay Lagoon
E Lower Okavango-Bwabwata, Sossusvlei, Etosha Pan
(1)
(g)
Which one of the following is a solar power station?
A Von Eck
B Omburu
C Kudu
D Ruacana
E Ombepo
(1)
(h)
Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A methyl bromide
B methane
C nitrogen
D carbon tetrachloride
E oxygen
(1)
(i)
Ecosystem services that keep nature in balance are known as ...
A cultural services
B provisioning services
C regulating services
D equilibrium services
E supporting services
(1)
(j)
Salt-tolerant vegetation growing in tropical and subtropical intertidal zones or river
estuaries are known as ....
A corals
B steppe
C temperate forests
D coniferous woodlands
E mangroves
(1)
[10]
ist Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page3 of 7
June 2023
|
|
4 Page 4 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRMS11S
Question 2:
(a) "Soil is the living skin of Earth."
(3)
Express your opinion on this statement. (What idea does the statement convey? Do
you agree or disagree? Why?)
(b)
"Soils are intimately linked with livelihoods, cultural identity and sense of place."
Debate this statement and offer appropriate examples in support of your arguments. (6)
[9]
Question 3:
What do you understand under the term 'rangeland degradation'? In your explanation,
include your own definitions of rangeland and degradation, and four (4) visible signs that a
rangeland is degraded.
(5 marks for definitions; 4 marks for signs)
(9)
[9]
Question 4: ·
(a)
What is an ecosystem? Elaborate on the various components, with examples.
(4)
(b)
Discuss the advantages of high ecosystem diversity.
(3)
(c)
Provide two (2) examples of ways in which humans cause habitat fragmentation, and
suggest one remedial action for each of your examples.
(4)
[11]
Question 5:
(a)
Differentiate between a hydrological drought and an agronomic (crop) drought.
(4)
(b)
Propose a scenario that could cause an area to suffer a hydrological drought, but not
an agronomic drought.
(2)
(c)
Describe the typical characteristics of drylands.
(4)
1st Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 4 of 7
[10]
June 2023
|
|
5 Page 5 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRM511S
Question 6:
(a)
Differentiate between climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation,
and provide two (2) examples of each.
(2 marks for explanation; 4 marks for examples)
(6)
(b)
List and explain three (3) ways in which climate change and the anthropogenic
drivers of climate change threaten marine and coastal ecosystems.
(6)
[12)
Question 7:
(a)
Differentiate between primary and secondary pollutants and provide examples of
such substances to strengthen your explanation.
(4)
(b)
Suggest four (4) strategies for turning the problem of waste into an asset or economic
opportunity.
(4)
[8)
Question 8:
(a)
"Renewable energy is not necessarily green energy".
Debate this statement, with reference to some of the negative impacts that the use
of renewable energy sources may have on humans and the environment.
(5)
(b)
Explain the basics of how a concentrated solar power plant (CSP)works.
(3)
[8]
Question 9:
(a)
What is ozone?
(2)
(b)
Why is ozone both a benefit and a problem for life on Earth?
(4)
pt Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 5 of 7
June 2023
|
|
6 Page 6 |
▲back to top |
Natural Resource Management
NRMSllS
(c)
Which two international agreements deal with the protection of the ozone layer and
regulating the use of ozone-depleting substances?
{The short versions of the names are acceptable.)
(2)
[8]
Question 10:
Discuss the potentially negative impacts that the mining industry may have on human health
and the environment.
(5)
[S]
Question 11:
Match each term in Column 1 with the appropriate description in Column 2. Write down only
the capital letter from Column 2 next to the small letter from Column 1, for example (a) D.
Column 1
Column 2
(a)
Nutrient mining
A
Natural assets and the ecosystem services resulting
from them
(b)
Abiotic resource
B
International treaty dealing with wetlands as
(c)
Natural capital
waterfowl habitats
(d)
Effluent
C
Soils becoming salty
(e)
Desiccation
D
(f)
Eutrophication
E
(g)
Salinisation
F
(h)
POPs
G
(i)
Ramsar Convention
H
(j)
Climate
Harmful organic substances that remain in the
environment for long periods
Liquid waste
Atmospheric conditions at a certain moment in time
Water becoming anoxic due to algal blooms
Soil degradation through constant cultivation
without addition of fertilisers
1st Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page 6 of 7
June 2023
|
|
7 Page 7 |
▲back to top |
Natural ResourceManagement
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
NRMS11S
A statistical description of the mean and variability
of the weather over many years
Resources obtained from living organisms and
organic material
Saturation of soils for long periods
Soils becoming acidic
Substances that damage the ozone layer
Resources that are inexhaustible on a human time-
scale
International treaty dealing with drought, land
degradation and desertification
Gaseous waste
Soil degradation through overuse of fertilisers
Resources obtained from the physical environment
Drying-out of soils
Water becoming toxic due to the presence of heavy
metals
[10]
TOTAL: 100
pt Opportunity Examination
Question Paper
Page7 of 7
June 2023