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IPP521S - INTRODUCTION TO PHONETICS AND PHONOLGY - 1ST OPP - NOV 2024 |
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nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ENGLISH AND LINGUISTICS
QUALIFICATION CODE: (07BENL)
LEVEL: 5
COURSE CODE: IPP5215
COURSE NAME: Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology
SESSION: NOVEMBER 2024
TIME:
3 HOURS
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER(S)
MODERATOR:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
Dr Sylvia N lthindi
Ms N Haimbodi
Ms Anneli Nghikembua
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALLthe questions.
2. Read all the questions carefully before answering.
3. Number the answers clearly
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 5 PAGES INCLUDING THE COVER PAGE
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QUESTION 1
1.1 Provide the definitions of the following terms:
(10)
(a) Diphthong
(b) Phonology
(c) Orthography
(d) Phone
(e) Stress
1.2 Write down the correct answer.
(10)
(a) Which manner of articulation will the sound be produced with the airflow channelled into
the nasal passages?
(i) Nasal
(ii) Liquids
(iii) Stops
(iv) Affricates
(b) Phonemes that have alternative phonetic realizations are called _____
_
(i) Onset
(ii) Minimal pairs
(iii) Allophones
(iv) Monophthongs
(c) Which of the following words has a lax vowel?
(i) Ski
(ii) Horse
(iii) Food
(iv) Script
(d) What is the characteristic of diphthongs?
(i) There are at least 2 vowel sounds and a consonant.
(ii) There are 3 vowel sounds.
(iii) It is a combination of one consonant and a vowel.
(iv) There are 2 vowel sounds.
(e) The place of articulation for /f/ is _____
lip and the upper teeth.
. This kind of sound is made with the lower
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(i) Alveolar
(ii) Bilabial
(iii) lnterdental
(iv) Labiodental
(f) The two muscular folds located in the larynx are called
(i)
Vocal cords
(ii)
Glottis
(iii) Approximants
(g) Another term for the soft palate is the
(i)
Hard palate
(ii)
Velum
(iii) Uvula
(h) When two articulators come in close approximants and partially obstruct the
airstream causing a turbulent airflow, the sound produced is:
(i)
Fricatives
(ii)
Trills
(iii) Stops
(i) Palatalisation, velarisation and pharyngealisation are types of:
(i)
Secondary articulation
(ii)
Manner of articulation
(iii) Places of articulation
(j) Acoustics phonetics is concerned with:
(i)
Place of articulation and manner of articulation
(ii)
Traits of the sound waves
(iii) Speech perception
QUESTION 2
2.1 Study the following statements and decide whether they are true or false.
(10)
(a) The phonetic alphabet contains symbols that allow us to write words phonetically.
(b) Every phonetic symbol represents more than one sound.
(c) Glides are consonant sounds caused by the tongue gliding into two different positions in
the mouth.
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(d) With egressive airflow, the larynx moves upwards with a firmly closed glottis that
compresses the air above and forces airflow outwards.
(e) Phonation is the process that deals with the various types of sounds that are produced
with vocal cords held in different positions.
(f) All vowels are voiced. All consonants are not voiced.
(g) The passive articulators do the movements together when a speech sound is made.
(h) Auditory phonetics investigates the mean, square and amplitudes of the main form of
sound including its duration and fundamental frequency.
(i) It is during the inspiration process that speech production takes place in the English
language.
(j) Oral communication is based on sound waves the human body produces.
2.2 Name the three main ways the glottis can be positioned in the sound production
process.
(3)
2.3 You studied active and passive articulators. From the following list, identify active
articulators. Teeth, tongue, upper jaw, lower jaw, Roof of mouth, and lips.
(3)
2.4 Why are the articulators you mentioned in 2.3 called active?
2.5 Why are the rest of the articulators called passive?
(2)
(2)
QUESTION 3
3.1 All sounds can be either voiced or voiceless. Indicate whether the following sounds are
voiced or voiceless.
(5)
(a) [z]
(b) [fl
(c) [8]
(d) [d]
(e) [s]
3.2 How do we call the sounds produced at the following articulation points? (10)
(a) Both lips
(b) Tongue and front teeth
(c) Soft palate
(d) Lips and teeth
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(e) Tongue and hard palate
3.3 Write the phonetic symbol for the first consonant sound of each of the following words.
(5)
(a) Geography
(b) This
(c) Physiology
(d) Shoe
(e) Cord
QUESTION 4
4.1 Name and explain parameters to describe vowels.
(10)
4.2 By using examples, differentiate between obstruents and sonorants.
(6)
4.3 Give the difference between phonemes and allophones.
(4)
QUESTION 5
5.1 Explain the role of the velum in speech production.
(5)
5.2 Give a detailed description of the three air stream mechanisms used in speech production.
Your descriptions should include the initiators and organs involved in each airstream.
(15)
END OF EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
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