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AAP511S-ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - 1ST Opp - JUNE 2022 |
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nAm I BI A un IVERS ITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURALRESOURCES
DEPARTMENTOF HEALTHSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF ENVIRONMENTALHEALTHSCIENCES
BACHELOROF HEALTHINFORMATION SYSTEMMANAGEMENT
BACHELOROF HUMAN NUTRITION
QUALIFICATION CODE:
08BEHS/08B HIS/08B0HN
LEVEL: 5
COURSECODE:AAPSllS
COURSENAME: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
DATE:JUNE 2022
DURATION: 3 HOURS
SESSION:15T OPPORTUNITY
MARKS: 100
FIRSTOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER
MR. JOMIN GEORGE
MODERATOR: Dr. ELIZABETHVAN DERCOLF
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 9 PAGES(Including this front page)
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SECTIONA [SOMARKS]
QUESTION1
[40 MARKS]
1. Evaluate the statements in each numbered section and select the most appropriate
Answer or phrase from the given possibilities. Write the appropriate letter next to the
number of the statement/phrase in the ANSWERBOOK.Each question carries 1- marks
1.1 What is the body's response to a rise in blood plasma osmotic pressure?
[1]
a) The anterior pituitary releases ADH which makes the renal tubule permeable
to water.
b) The posterior pituitary releases ADH which makes the renal tubule permeable
to water.
c) The juxtaglomerular apparatus releases renin which promotes diuresis
d) The glomerular filtration rate increases so more urine is produced.
1.2 Plasma is :
[1]
a) 50 % water
b) 91 % electrolytes
c) 91 % water
d) 50 % electrolytes
1.3 The spleen is located in the:
[1]
a) Right hypochondrium
b) Thoracic cavity
c) Pelvic cavity
d) Left hypochondrium
1.4 What is the entry point to the kidney for the renal artery, renal vein, lymphatics
and nerves called?
[1]
a) Renal pyramid
b) Renal hilus
c) Renal capsule
d) Renal column
1.5 The largest structure of the brain is the:
[1]
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Brain stem
d) Limbic system
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1.6 The chamber that actually houses the hearing receptors is the:
[1]
a) Vestibule
b) Semicircular canal
c) Scala tympani
d) Cochlear duct
1.7 What method does the glomerulus of the kidney nephron use to remove the
dissolved substances from the blood to the filtrate?
[1]
a) Active transport
b) Diffusion along the concentration gradient
c) High hydrostatic pressure
d) Osmosis
1.8 The outer covering of each bone, made from fibrous connective tissue, is called:
[1]
a) Epiphysis
b) Diaphysis
c) Articular cartilage
d) Periosteum
1.9 In which cavity is the heart situated:
[1]
a) Pelvic cavity
b) Thoracic cavity
c) Cranial cavity
d) Abdominal cavity
1.10 In which part of a cell does the process of making ATP from oxygen and
glucose take place:
[1]
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Golgi apparatus
1.11 The small holes in which some connective tissue cells reside are termed:
[1]
a) Lacunae
b) Lamellae
c) Lumen
d) Lamaze
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1.12 Where are the male ejaculatory ducts?
[1]
a) In the testicles before the epididymis.
b) In the penis.
c) Between the bulbourethral glands and the urethra.
d) At the end of the vas deferens (ductus deferens).
1.13 The following are the internal organs of the female reproductive system:
[1]
a) The uterus, the bladder, vagina and the appendix
b) The vagina, the cervix, the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries
c) The cervix, the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries
d) The vagina, the cervix, the bladder, the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries
1.14 What is the function of luteinizing hormone?
a) It stimulates the interstitial (Leydig) cells to produce testosterone.
b) It stimulates sustentacular (Sertoli) cells to produce sperm.
c) It stimulates the anterior pituitary to release follicle-stimulating hormone.
d) It stimulates the ovary to develop follicles.
1.15 The spinal cord communicates with the:
a) Brain and Autonomic nervous system
b) Brain and peripheral nerves
c) Eye and the brain
d) Skeletal muscle and the peripheral nerves
1.16 The movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called:
a) Facilitated diffusion
b) Active transport
c) Simple diffusion
d) Osmosis
1.17 The middle layer of the bladder is called the:
a) Tunica serosa
b) Tunica muscularis
c) Tunica mucosa
d) Tunica adventitia
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
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1.18 Which anatomical structures do the "conducting zone" of
the lower respiratory tract contains?
a) Eustachian tube, larynx and trachea.
b) Primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi and bronchioles.
c) Nares, conchae, olfactory mucosa and sinuses.
d) Nasopharynx and larynx.
1.19 Which of the following hormone helps in the secretion of HCLfrom the stomach?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) Pepsin
d) Renin
1.20 The vitamin essential for blood clotting is:
a) vitamin A
b) vitamin B
c) vitamin C
d) vitamin K
1.21 Which among the following is vestigial in function?
a) Duodenum
b) Vermiform appendix
c) Peyer's patch
d) Plicae circulares
1.22 Which of the following is a balancing organ in humans?
a) Eardrum
b) Vestibular region
c) Cochlea
d) Organ of corti
1.23 Cholecystokinin stimulates:
a) Pancreas
b) Gall bladder
c) Secrete bile
d) Kidneys
[1]
[I]
[I]
[I]
[I]
[I]
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1.24 How many pairs of spinal nerves are found in humans?
[I]
a) 33
b) 31
c) 13
d) 12
1.25 Which of the following is the longest?
[l]
a) Stomach
b) Esophagus
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
1.26 Which system is a major source of heat and allows us to maintain body temperature? [1]
a) Skeletal system
b) Muscular system
c) Endocrine system
d) lntegumentary system
1.27 What prevents the clotting of blood in blood vessels?
[l]
a) Serotonin
b) Fibrinogen
c) Heparin
d) Fibrin
1.28 During which phase, do the individual chromosomes line up in
the middle of the cell?
a) Metaphase
b) Prophase
c) Anaphase
d) Telephase
1.29 Which epithelium is found in the lungs at the site of gas exchange?
a) Simple squamous
b) Simple cuboidal
c) Simple columnar
d) Pseudostratified columnar
1.30 The cardiac cycle has how many phases?
a) 2
b) 4
c) 3
d) 1
[l]
[l]
[1]
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1.31 CSFis produced by the:
[1]
a) Dendrites
b) Choroid plexus
c) Meninges
d) Cell body
1.32 What units is a blood pressure of 120/80 is expressed in?
[1]
a) Millimetres of mercury
b) Centimetres of blood
c) Centimetres of mercury
d) Pascals
1.33 Which of the following is NOT a "long" bone?
[1]
a) The humerus
b) The tibia
c) The carpal
d) The metacarpal
1.34 Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
[1]
a) Haemopoiesis
b) Haemostasis
c) Peristalsis
d) Glycogenolysis
1.35 In the adult, which cells, does thyroid hormone have no effect:
[1]
a) Pancreas
b) Stomach
c) Brain
d) Heart
1.36 Between which two anatomical structures does the Larynx lie?
[1]
a) The nares and the choanae
b) The epiglottis and the trachea
c) The choanae and the glottis
d) The glottis and the epiglottis
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1.37 The posterior pituitary releases two hormones, arriving directly from the
Hypothalamus.
[1]
a) Insulin and thyroxine
b) Oxytocin and insulin
c) Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
d) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
1.38 Which of the following epithelia is best at stretching?
[1]
a) Simple squamous
b) Transitional
c) Simple columnar
d) Pseudostratified columnar
1.39 Which of the following is an active enzyme?
[1]
a) Procarboxypeptidase
b) Pepsin
c) Telophase
d) Trypsinogen
1.40 The blood group known as the ABO system is based on the presence of what
proteins on blood cells?
[1]
a) Antibodies
b) Antigens
c) Agglutinins
d) lmmunoglobulins
QUESTION 2
[10 MARKS]
2. Assessthe following statements and decide whether they are true or false. Write only the
number of the question and next to it indicate your answer as true or false in the ANSWER BOOK.
1 marks for each question.
2.1 Left ventricular stroke volume is usually less than right ventricular stroke volume.
[1]
2.2 The ovaries are kept approximately 3 ° F cooler than other pelvic organs.
[1]
2.3 The genes of an individual will always be different from those of the parents.
[1]
2.4 There are two umbilical veins and one umbilical artery.
[1]
2.3 A vasectomy is the male equivalent of tubal ligation regarding the efficacy of
contraception.
[1]
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2.4 Testosterone increases the number of red blood cells.
[1]
2.5 All arteries carry oxygenated blood.
2.6 Vasa efferentia are the ductules leading from Placenta.
[1]
2.7 Persons who are obese usually have a higher percentage of body fat than those
who are leaner.
[1]
2.8 The ability to sweat is the major method of regulating body water and concentration. [1]
2.9 Lossof blood from trauma will usually reduce the amount of urine that is produced.
[1]
2.10 Chronic glomerulonephritis is usually a renal infection associated with
streptococcal bacteria.
[1]
SECTIONB [20 MARKS]
QUESTION 3
[20 MARKS]
3.1 Define glomerular filtration rate. Explain the factors affecting the glomerular
filtration rate.
[5]
3.2 Discussthe different functions of the liver.
[5]
3.3 Compare the difference between various lung volumes.
[5]
3.4 Outline any five (5) functional areas of the cerebral cortex with one (1) function for each. [5]
SECTIONC [30 MARl<S]
QUESTION 4
[30 MARKS]
4.1 List the nine (9) hormones secreted by the pituitary gland. Explain any six (6) hormones
and their functions.
[15]
4.2 a) Define erythropoiesis and outline the stages of erythropoiesis.
[10]
b) Briefly discuss the function of blood.
[5]
GOOD LUCK!!!!
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