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CTL821S - CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS - 2ND OPP - DECEMBER 2025 |
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nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ENGLISH AND LINGUISTICS (HONOURS)
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BAEN
LEVEL: 8
COURSE CODE: CTL821 S
COURSE NAME: CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTIC
SESSION: DECEMBER 2025
PAPER:THEORY
DURATION: 03H00
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) DR. JULIA INDONGO
MODERATOR: PROF COLLEN SABAO
THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF 2 PAGES (Including this front page)
Answer all the questions.
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Question 1
a} Define fossilization as a linguistic phenomenon and give an example from the Namibian
context.
(4 marks)
b} Describe four possible causes of fossilization.
(6 marks)
Question 2
a) Define interlanguage.
(4 marks}
b) Describe and briefly explain four processes of interlanguage outlined by Selinker (1972).(6
marks)
Question 3
Discuss the practical and theoretical advantages of Error Analysis in second-language learning.
(10 marks)
Question 4
Halliday (1961) identified four fundamental grammatical categories that form the basis for
describing any language and are particularly useful in contrastive analysis. Describe and explain
each category, providing relevant examples in your answer.
(15 marks)
Question 5
Explain which version ofthe Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (strong, weak, or moderate) you
consider the most effective for explaining second-language learning and provide reasons to
justify your choice.
(15 marks
Question 6
Write an essay in which you explain the historical development of Contrastive Analysis,
highlighting key phases and contributions by major scholars.
(20 marks)
Question 7
List and explain the five steps involved in conducting a contrastive analysis study. (20 marks}
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