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RME811S - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY - 2ND OPP - JULY 2022 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEn CE Ano TECHn OLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCEAND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING AND LOGISTICS
QUALIFICATION : BACHELOR OF MARKETING AND LOGISTICS
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08HMAR
LEVEL: 8
COURSE CODE: RME8115
COURSE NAME: RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
SESSION: JUNE 2022
DURATION: 1 HOUR
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER(S)
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION
Prof. Lovemore Matipira
Dr. Geoffrey Nambira
Dr. Nikodemus Angula
MODERATOR: Prof. Peter Clement
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Provided on On-Line Exam setting below
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THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 10 PAGES (Including this front page)
Research Methodology (RME811S)
Second Oppmiunity Examination
June 2022
DATE: 2022
TIME: 18HOO- 19HOO
VENUE: ONLINE (MYNUST ELEARNING)
Instructions:
You must only attempt this Test once. Any additional attempts should only be used in the
event where a serious technical issue has occurred and suppo1iing evidence will be required.
You are not permitted to obtain assistance by improper means or ask for help from or give
help to any other person.
You are not permitted to take screenshots, record the screen, copy, and paste questions or
answers or otherwise attempt to take any of the content of this Test out of the Test for any
purpose.
Answer all questions to the best of your ability and make reasonable assumptions,
if necessary, to answer all questions.
Misconduct action will be taken against you if you breach university rules.
TOTAL = 100 MARKS
1. Which of the following is a recommended way to maintain the confidentiality of your
participants?
A. obtain written informed consent from all participants.
B. use pseudonyms for your participants
C. staple the forms with participants' names and other identifying information to their
responses
D. report data about participants in aggregate form
Ans:
2. How much information about your sample should you include in your write-up?
A. as much as possible
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B. just the number of people, otherwise, you run the risk of an ethical violation.
C. whatever each individual participant authorizes you to share.
D. enough information that another researcher could replicate your study with different
participants
Ans:
3. If you have data from qualitative measures that you wish to examine with descriptive
statistics, you must first __ _
A. code the data
B. graph the data
C. summarize the data using frequencies.
D. you cannot analyze data from qualitative measures with descriptive statistics.
Ans:
4. What is the difference between coding and numerical coding?
A. coding is used for qualitative data and numerical coding is used for quantitative data.
B. numerical coding is more scientific than coding.
C. numerical coding includes an extra step of assigning numbers to categories.
D. coding does not require you to categorize the data.
Ans:
5. Questionnaire items that require respondents to generate their own answers use a (n) __ _
response format.
A. free response
B. open-ended
C. close-ended
D. recoded.
Ans:
6. If Skyler asks people about their attitudes toward the current mayor, she is conducting
A. an experimental study
B. survey research
C. a quasi-experimental study
D. archival research
Ans:
7. A simple count of how many times a score occurred in a sample is the __ _
A. percentage
B. frequency
C. cumulative percentage
D. central tendency
Ans:
8. The proportion of a score within a sample is the __ _
A. percentage
B. frequency
C. cumulative percentage
D. central tendency
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Ans:
9. ___ are one-on-one conversations directed by a researcher.
A. Questionnaires
B. Interviews
C. Experiments
D. Observational studies
Ans:
10. A researcher reports that females comprised 49% of the sample. What type of descriptive
statistic is the researcher reporting?
A. percentage
B. frequency
C. cumulative percentage
D. central tendency
Ans:
11. A researcher reports that there were 126 females and 132 males in the sample. What type
of descriptive statistic is the researcher reporting?
A. percentage
B. frequency
C. cumulative percentage
D. central tendency
Ans:
12. A researcher repmis that 30% of the participants in the sample were between the ages of
45 and 65. What type of descriptive statistic is the researcher reporting?
A. percentage
B. frequency
C. cumulative percentage
D. central tendency
Ans:
13. Which of the following is an advantage of conducting interview research?
A. Maintaining anonymity is easier with interviews.
B. They are less time-consuming than written questionnaires.
C. There is a decreased oppmiunity for social desirability bias.
D. Participants tend to take them more seriously than questionnaires.
Ans:
14. Which of the following is an advantage of using questionnaires rather than interviews?
A. Participants are likely to take the research more seriously.
B. Observations of how participants answer questions can be included in the study.
C. Maintaining anonymity is easier with questionnaires.
D. The accuracy ofresponses is likely to increase.
Ans:
15. Which is true of the semi-structured interview?
A. The interviewer sticks to a script of questions and does not deviate from it.
B. It requires more training to administer than a structured interview.
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C. It eliminates interviewer bias.
D. All participants have an identical interview experience.
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16. Which of the following is an advantage of observational research compared to survey
research?
A. Observational research examines what people actually do, not what they say they do.
B. Observational research is less time-consuming than survey research.
C. They are less prone to observer bias than survey research.
D. Observational research requires less training of experimenters compared to survey research.
Ans:
17. Jesse is conducting an observational study of fast-food purchases and before starting the
observation period, she creates a list of possible purchases (e.g., "soda," "hamburger," "fries")
so when collecting data, she can quickly mark what each person purchases. She has chosen to
use a ___ to collect her data.
A. nanative
B. rating scale
C. checklist
D. questionnaire
Ans:
18. Which of the following is true?
A. Covert observation is more likely to be influenced by the social desirability bias than overt
observation.
B. Ove1i observation is better at capturing participants' natural and spontaneous reactions to
situations than covert observation.
C. Researchers are more likely to give participants time to acclimate being observed with
covert observation than with overt observation.
D. Covert observation requires consideration of the ethics involved with observing someone
without their awareness while overt observation does not.
Ans:
19. Which of the following is an advantage of archival research?
A. The data analyses have already been completed.
B. Some archives span a large time frame, so they allow for analysis of historical trends.
C. The fit between your hypothesis and the data is likely to be quite good.
D. Access to personal information can be obtained without informed consent.
Ans:
20. Holly decides to do archival research using data from several governmental agencies. In
other words, she is using __ _
A. primary data
B. secondary data
C. confederate data
D. pilot data
Ans:
21. A preliminary study with a small sample to test measures and/or procedures is known as a
(n) __ study.
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A. interview
B. covert
C. blind
D. pilot
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22. The group of people, animals, or archives you are interested in examining is your __ _
A. population
B. subpopulation
C. sample
D. sampling bias
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23. When all members of a population have an equal chance of being selected to participate in
a study, you are using __ _
A. random assignment
B. cluster sampling
C. nonresponse bias
D. probability sampling
Ans:
24. Dr. Gomez was not able to collect data from 100% of his selected sample. Unfortunately,
the people he was able to collect data from differed from those people who did not provided
data. In other words, he was dealing with __ _
A. nomesponse bias
B. observer bias
C. sampling bias
D. population bias
Ans:
25. Which of the following is a type of probability sampling?
A. snowball sampling
B. convenience sampling
C. stratified random sampling.
D. quota sampling
Ans:
26. What is the first step in simple random sampling?
A. randomly select a sample from your population.
B. identify all members of the population.
C. define the population.
D. identify the groups that you want to be proportionately represented in your sample.
Ans:
27. What do simple and stratified random sampling have in common?
A. Both involve making sure your sample represents key subpopulations of interest.
B. Both require the researcher to identify all members of the population.
C. Both are nonprobability-sampling techniques.
D. Both involve randomly selecting a cluster of people, rather than individuals.
Ans:
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28. Which of the following is an example of a cluster?
A. a sample
B. a neighborhood
C. a participant
D. a population
Ans:
29. Which of the following is true about the size of a probability sample?
A. The larger the sample, the closer it will be to representing the full population.
B. The smaller the sample, the closer it will be to representing the full population.
C. You should always strive to have an extremely large probability sample.
D. You should always strive to have an extremely small and specific probability sample.
Ans:
30. Which function of a research introduction is often underdeveloped in research proposals?
a. Create reader interest in the topic.
b. Establish the problem that leads to the study.
c. Place the study within the larger context of the literature.
d. Target a specific audience.
Ans:
31. When summarizing literature, what is the time limit to qualify as "recent literature"?
a. past 3 years
b. past 5 years
c. past 8 years
d. past 10 years
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32. Which of the following represents a quantitative research design?
a. narrative research
b. survey research
c. ethnography
d. phenomenological research
Ans:
33. All of the following are reasons for conducting a literature search except __ _
a. to save time and effmi.
b. to develop adequacy in the relevant disciplines.
c. to widen the topic and open the focus of the research question.
d. to discover what scholarly knowledge has been produced on the topic by different
disciplines.
Ans:
34. To avoid becoming overwhelmed as the reading proceeds, students are encouraged to
a. read multiple disciplinary literature reviews to further understand the problem or question.
b. consult disciplinary expe1is for practical advice
c. organizes information in some systematic way so it can be easily accessed later.
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d. rethink the question or problem and reassess the relevant literature.
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35. Which of the following is true of scholarly works?
A. They are written for the general public.
B. They aim to advance knowledge and scientific study in a field.
C. They are usually written by journalists.
D. They always include a report of original research.
Ans:
36. If you find an article published in a newspaper, you can be relatively certain that it is
A. a scholarly source
B. a popular source
C. a primary source
D. a secondary source
Ans:
37. The purpose of the peer review process is to __ _
A. make it difficult for researchers to make their findings public.
B. help ensure the quality of published articles.
C. validate findings through replication.
D. test the reliability of the study
Ans:
38. A primary source published in an academic journal is called a __ _
A. primary research aiiicle
B. dissertation
C. literature review
D. peer review
Ans:
39. The main difference between a primary research article and a literature review is __ _
A. a primary research article does not include a review of past research.
B. a literature review never includes a Method section.
C. a literature review never includes an Abstract.
D. a literature review does not include results of original research.
Ans:
40. A commentary in an academic journal is a __ _
A. primary source
B. scholarly source
C. popular source
A. report of original research
Ans:
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41. Identify the APA-format error of the following citation: Repeated exposure to the topic of
plagiarism may help improve students' ability to identify and avoid plagiarism (Estow,
Lawrence, and Adams, 2011).
A. The authors should be listed in alphabetical order.
B. When there are more than two authors, one should always list only the first author followed
by "et al."
C. The first initial of the authors should be included in the citation.
D. When a citation appears in parentheses, there should be an"&" instead of "and" before the
last author.
Ans:
42. The ___ of a primary research aiiicle provides a brief overview of the entire study.
A. Introduction
B. Abstract
C. Results section
D. Discussion section
Ans:
43. The hypothesis can usually be found at the end of the __ _
A. Introduction
B. References
C. Results section
D. Discussion section
Ans:
44. Validity deals with __ __..while reliability deals with __ _
A. accuracy; consistency
B. consistency; accuracy
C. confounds; causation.
D. causation; correlation
Ans:
45. Validity and reliability are dealt with from two perspectives or regarding __ _
A. personal issues and professional examples
B. participant confounds and experimenter measures.
C. the study level and the measurement level
D. the manipulation of variables and the data collection
Ans:
46. A scale that measures what it is supposed to measure is __ _
A. reliable
B. valid
C. true
D. operational
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47. Questionnaire items that require respondents to generate their own answers use a (n)
___ response format.
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A. free response
B. open-ended
C. close-ended
D. recoded.
Ans:
48. ___ research is designed to answer the "who, what, where, when, and how" questions.
A. Co1Telational
B. Descriptive
C. Experimental
D. Relational
Ans:
49. Which of the following represents the best operational definition of plagiarism?
A. making a higher grade than expected.
B. including a phrase of more than three words from another source without citing that source.
C. copying work
D. not paraphrasing properly.
Ans:
50. ___ are one-on-one conversations directed by a researcher.
A. Questionnaires
B. Interviews
C. Experiments
D. Observational studies
Ans:
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