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PCN811S - PRIMARY CARE NUTRITION FOR HIV-AIDS AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2022 |
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nAm I Bl A un IVE RS ITY
OF SCIEnCE RnD TECHnDLOGY
FACULTY OF HEALTH, APPLIED SCIENCESAND NATURAL RESOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF HUMAN NUTRITION
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BOHN
COURSE CODE: PCN 8115
LEVEL: 8
COURSE NAME: PRIMARY CARE NUTRITION FOR
HIV/AIDS AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
SESSION: JUNE 2022
PAPER: THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER(S)
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
MS. MARJORIE VANWYK
MODERATOR: DR. FRANCIS CHIKUSE
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
NONE
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 5 PAGES {Including this front page)
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SECTION A
QUESTION 1
[10 MARKS]
Select the most appropriate answer from the options provided. (Each correct answer earns
1 mark)
1.1 HIV and AIDS affects which of the following:
a. Farming and production
b. A person's health and nutrition
c. Food availability
d. All of the above
1.2 One of the detrimental effects of malaria in pregnancy is the risk of becoming:
a.
anaemic
b.
diabetic
c.
hypertensive
d.
none of the above
1.3 Which of the following TB drugs may interfere with pyridoxine (vitamin B6) metabolism:
a.
Rifampicin
b.
Ethambutol
c.
lsoniazid
d.
All of the above
1.4 Name the primary strategy for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders worldwide:
a.
Infant and young child feeding programme
b.
Salt iodization programme
c.
Water and sanitation and hygiene programme
d.
All of the above
1.5 Measles is associated with
a.
Blindness
b.
High blood glucose
c.
Hypertension
d.
None of the above
1.6 Iron absorption is influenced by
a.
Dietary iron content
b. The bioavailability of dietary iron
c.
All of the above
d.
None of the above
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1.7 The most widely practiced and direct public health approach to prevent
vitamin A deficiency is:
a.
Periodic high-dose vitamin A supplementation
b.
Food fortification
c.
Salt iodization
d.
All of the above
1.8 What is the main concern with diarrhoea in children:
a.
Intestinal infection
b. Water and electrolyte imbalance
c.
Viral infection
d.
None of the above
1.9 An example of a nutrition-sensitive intervention is:
a.
Universal salt iodization
b.
Dietary diversification
c.
Deworming
d.
All of the above
1.10 Food is most important for a person who has not started antiretroviral therapy.
Once they begin the medications, it does not matter if they have enough food or not:
a. True
b. False
SECTION B
QUESTION 2
(20MARKS)
2.1 Name three (3) complementary approaches to prevent vitamin A deficiency.
[3]
2.2 Define goiter.
[1]
2.3 Explain the relationship between iron deficiency anaemia and work
performance and productivity.
[2]
2.4 Give an example of one (1) food that provides heme iron and one (1) food
that is a source of non heme iron.
[2]
2.5 Name two (2) vector control interventions applicable for all populations at risk of
malaria.
[2]
2.6 Give one (1) example of a nutrition specific and one example of a nutrition
sensitive intervention for women of reproductive age.
[2]
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2.7 Define uncomplicated malaria disease.
[3]
2.8 MATCHING. Directions: On the line to the left of each description in Column I,
write the letter of the compound presented in Column II that is best defined.
Use each compound only once. (Each correct answer earns 1 mark).
[5]
COLUMN I
2.8.1 Structural components of cells
2.8.2 Energy-giving foods composed of sugars
2.8.3 Organic compounds
2.8.4 Inorganic compounds
2.8.5 Protect cells from breakdown
COLUMN II
A. Fats and oils
B. Antioxidants
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
E. Minerals
F. Proteins
QUESTION 4
SECTION C
(30 MARKS)
4.1 Describe any five (5) of the warning signs of dehydration during recovery from
COVID-19.
[SJ
4.2 What is the biggest public health intervention to eliminate iodine deficiency
disorders and what are the challenges associated with this intervention?
[4]
4.3 List any five (5) risk factors for iron deficiency.
[5]
4.4 Describe the nutritional support recommended for children during a
measles virus infection.
[10]
4.5 An acute attack of measles can have a significant adverse effect on the nutritional
status of children. Explain the mechanism involved.
[6]
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QUESTION 5
CASESTUDY
SECTION D
(40 MARKS)
Scenario:
Simon and Mary are both HIV-positive and Mary is pregnant. They were counselled on PMTCT
and infant feeding options. They decided to breastfeed exclusively. A healthy baby boy is born.
Mary is breastfeeding exclusively. Everything is going well. Mary is doing well. She is healthy
and she is using good breastfeeding practices.
Questions
5.1 Define exclusive breastfeeding.
[2]
5.2 Briefly discuss the risk factors related to breastfeeding practices for the
transmission of HIV from mother to child.
[2]
5.3 Name the two (2) most immediate causes of malnutrition and poor growth of
children.
[2]
5.4 List any five [5] nonvaccine interventions for the prevention of childhood
diarrhea in Namibia.
[S]
5.5 What are the risks associated with malaria in pregnant women?
[6]
5.6 Briefly discuss the malaria interventions strategies in Namibia since 2006.
[8]
5.7 Mary is complaining about nausea and vomiting. What dietary advice would
you give Mary to manage the nausea? Listanyfive key messages.
[5]
5.8 Describe the impact of HIV on the Agriculture Sector.
[10]
THE END
Good luck
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