 |
PAB811S - PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - 1ST OPP -JUNE 2023 |
|
|
1 Page 1 |
▲back to top |
nAm I BIA un IVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURAL RESOURCES
SCHOOLOF NATURALAND APPLIEDSCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY,CHEMISTRYAND PHYSICS
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF SCIENCEHONOURS
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BOSH
COURSECODE: PAB811S
LEVEL:8
COURSENAME: PLANT AND ANIMAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
SESSION:JUNE 2023
PAPER:THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 110
EXAMINER
FIRSTOPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
DR JEYA KENNEDY
MODERATOR: DR JUAN VORSTER
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions
2. Write clearly and neatly
3. Number the answers clearly
4. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
5. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
6. Draw diagrams wherever necessary
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
None
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 6 PAGES
{Including this front page)
1
|
|
2 Page 2 |
▲back to top |
QUESTION 1: MULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
[15]
• There are 15 multiple choice questions in this section. Each question carries 1 mark.
• Answer ALLquestions by selecting the LETTERwith the correct answer.
1.1 Range of osmolarity tolerated/accepted in mOsm/Kg of H20 by mammalian cells is;
(a) 150
(b) 280
(c) 300
(d) 400
1.2 Which of the following is not true of Agrobacterium tumefaciens?
(a) It causes crown gall disease when it carries a tumour inducing (Ti) plasmid
(b) Virulence genes on the Ti plasmid is responsible for DNA transfer to the plant
(c) Plant hormones (auxin and cytokinin) encoded genes in the T-DNA
(d) It is a gram-positive bacterium
1.3 Which one of the following statements about plant tissue culture is correct?
(a) The culturing of root is not possible
(b) Any cell that is totipotent can be cultured
(c) The pH of the media need not be maintained
(d) Fruit juices are added to media as carbon source
1.4 POMATO, is;
(a) A transgenic plant
(b) A plant obtained through protoplast hybridization
(c) A plant obtained by organ culture
(d) A plant developed by plant breeding method
1.5 Tobacco plant resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of
DNA that produced in the host cells_____
_
(a) Both sense and anti-sense RNA
(b) A particular hormone
(c) An antifeedant
(d) A toxic protein
1.6 Which indicator is used in the cell culturing medium?
(a) Methyl red
(b) Phenol red
(c) Methyl orange
(d) Trypan blue
1.7 Routinely used proteolytic enzyme to detach adherent cells from the substratum;
(a) Papain
(b) Elastase
(c) Collagenase
(d) Trypsin
2
|
|
3 Page 3 |
▲back to top |
1.8 Name the type of culture which is prepared by inoculating directly from the tissue of
an organism to culture media?
(a) Primary cell culture
(b) Secondary cell culture
(c) Cell lines
(d) Transformed cell culture
1.9 Transplant organs from transgenic animals;
(a) Xenotransplantation
(b) Lactoferrin
(c) Atryn
(d) Phytase
1.10 The blastocyst is harvested and mixed with recombinant DNA and inserted back in
the blastocyst.
(a) DNA microinjection
(b) Sperm mediated transfer
(c) Retrovirus mediated transgenics
(d) Embryonic stem cell-mediated gene transfer
1.11 The choice of animal to test is usually determined by; (A) genetic similarity to
humans (B) potential to mimic conditions in humans (C) small number with the
correct insertion are selected and cloned numerous times in culture (D) genetic
similarity to humans but different from animal.
(a) Both A and B
(b) Both A and C
(c) Both C and B
(d) A, Band C
1.12 Introducing the transgene DNA directly into the fertilized egg at an early stage of
development.
(a) DNA microinjection
(b) Embryonic stem cells
(c) Sperm mediated transfer
(d) Retrovirus mediated transgenics
1.13 What are myeloma cells?
(a) Cancerous white blood cells
(b) Cancerous red blood cells
(c) Cancerous spleen cells
(d) ~-lymphocyte
3
|
|
4 Page 4 |
▲back to top |
1.14 What is the problem with biofilming on the hull of ships? (A) increase the resistance
of the ship as it moves through the water, slowing its travel time and reducing its fuel
efficiency (B) a progressive accumulation of biofilms can clog pipes, block water
intake and filtration systems for ships (C) corrode metal surfaces
(a) Both A and B
(b) Both A and C
(c) Both Band C
(d) All A, Band C
1.15 What is a hand held antibody test kit developed for?
(a) To detect Vibrio cholerae in oysters
(b) Detect several viral diseases of shrimp
(c) To detect infectious salmon anaemia
(d) To detect infectious hematopoietic necrosis
QUESTION 2: FILLIN THE BLANK
[9]
Each answer carries one mark
2.1 The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by_______
_
2.2 Activated charcoal is used in nutrition media to ----------
2.3 In Bt Cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as protoxin is converted into active
toxin due to -------
2.4 A homogenous cell line will proliferate from a _________
culture.
primary
2.5 In the pronucleus method, microinjections are mostly done in the ____
_
2.6 The pigment that gives shrimp their pink colour _____
_
2.7 Screenable markers, also called ________
_, typically cause a colour change or
other visible change in the tissue of the transformed organism.
2.8 If initial tests on cell cultures indicate dangerous levels of toxicity, the product is
never tested on-----
2.9 ___________
is used to prevent the introduction of bacteria into our
culture while the device _________
is used to create a clean working
environment by killing anything it shines on by ultraviolet radiation.
4
|
|
5 Page 5 |
▲back to top |
.(
QUESTION 3: ONE-SENTENCE ANSWERS
[8]
Each answer carries one mark
3.1 Name the scientist who developed pest resistant plants by using RNA interference
technique.
3.2 Name the compound used as cryoprotectants.
3.3 What type of LAFsare present in plant tissue culture laboratory?
3.4 What is the name of the portion of DNA in the Ti plasmid that gets transferred into a
plant cell after the Agrobacterium binds to the plant cell?
3.5 What is an example of a fish that is genetically modified via microinjection?
3.6 Name the bacterium which is used to produce insect-resistant plants by genetic
engineering.
3.7 What is the other word (name) for aquacultures?
3.8 Name two organisms responsible for biofilming?
QUESTION 4: SHORT QUESTIONS
The number of marks is given in brackets () at the end of each question.
4.1 What are hybridoma cells made from?
(2)
4.2 What is an artificial seed?
(2)
4.3 Explain the concept of "reduce, replace, and refine" in the use of animals in
biological research.
(3)
4.4 What is the function of AFPsand give an example where AFPsare used?
(3)
4.5 Write three uses of cell suspension cultures?
(3)
5
|
|
6 Page 6 |
▲back to top |
QUESTION5: LONGERQUESTIONS
[37]
The number of marks is given in brackets () at the end of each question.
5.1 Explain the methods used for vectorless gene transfer into the host.
(8)
5.2 Define and explain the types of organogenesis.
(9)
5.3 Currently, relatively few products derived from aquatic organisms are used in
medical applications, but this is rapidly changing. A wide number of marine
species contain compounds of interest including antibiotics, antiviral molecules,
and anticancer compounds. Give some examples of marine animals and their
special characteristics include:
(10)
5.4 In a tabular column form differentiate between animal cell culture and plant
tissue culture and mention its similarities.
(10)
QUESTION 6: ESSAYQUESTION
[28]
6.1 Virus infected plants will continue to carry latent virus pathogens when propagated
by vegetative means. Explain a procedure by which virus-infected plants can be
"cleaned" by tissue culture method. Include in your answer the advantages and
disadvantages of this procedure.
(14)
6.2 As a NUSTscience student, you have been approached by a small-scale farmer to give
advice about triploid grass carp, how they were created and what will be the issues
regarding triploid grass carp? What is the difference between transgenic fish
and triploids? You can advise the farmer from the theory point of view what have
you learned?
(14)
THE END
6