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ECD520S - ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT - 2ND OPP - JAN 2020 |
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NAMIBIA UNIVERSITY
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND SPATIAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (NATURE
CONSERVATION)
QUALIFICATION CODE: 07BNTC
LEVEL: 6
COURSE CODE: ECD520S
COURSE NAME: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
DEVELOPMENT
SESSION: JANUARY 2020
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 150
SUPPLEMENTARY / SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) | MS. E. NGHALIPO
MOpDERATOR: | MR. R. KAVARI
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer ALL the questions.
. Write clearly and neatly.
. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. All written work MUST be done in blue or black ink
2. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 3 PAGES (excluding this front page)
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QUESTION 1
Provide the word(s) which best fits the definition or description below:
1.1.
It is the first national park proclaimed in Africa.
(1)
1.2.
One of the former Presidents of the USA who enlarged the national park (2)
and national forest system in 1901.
1.3.
Oldest and largest global environmental network.
(2)
1.4.
An inventory of the global conservation status of biological species.
(1)
1.5.
Is an “express agreement” between different countries under
(1)
international law.
1.6.
Largest independent conservation organization with over 5 million
supporters worldwide, working in more than 100 countries, supporting
around 1,300 conservation and environmental projects
1.7.
An international convention that Namibia is a signatory to and aims (1)
protect ozone layer of the atmosphere from harmful emissions caused by
human activity.
1.8.
It is the 6" richest wetland in southern Africa and it is placed on the (1)
Mountreux record.
[10]
QUESTION 2
2.1.
Define the term conservation.
(2)
22s
Conservation is the basis of environmental goods and services that keep
(8)
humans and the natural environment alive, mention and describe the
four ecological services that we derive from nature and give an example
of each.
[10]
QUESTION 3
State the main purpose/objective of each of the following International Conventions that
Namibia is a signatory to:
3.1, Convention to Combat Desertification
(2)
3.2. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
(2)
and Flora (CITES)
3.3.
RAMSAR Convention
(2)
3.4. The World Heritage Convention
(2)
3.5.
Basel Convention and associated Bamako Convention
(2)
3.6.
The Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol
(2)
3.7.
What are the three main objectives of the United Nations Convention on
(3)
Biological Diversity (UNCBD):
[15]
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QUESTION 4
4.1.
Distinguish between commercial/Freehold conservancies and communal
(4)
conservancies.
42;
Name the first four communal conservancies to be gazetted.
(4)
4.3. After the first four communal conservancies in Namibia were gazetted in (20)
1997/1998, over the years, more and more conservancies were gazette across
the country. To date, communal conservancies have yielded enormous positive
impacts. Discuss the four main notable positive impacts by communal
conservancies in Namibia. Use examples in your answers.
[28]
QUESTION 5
5.1 Define the term Concession.
(2)
5.2. The Policy on Tourism and Wildlife Concessions on State Land in Namibia
(8)
makes provision for four types of concessions. List and explain all the four
types of concessions.
[10]
QUESTION 6
6.1 In Namibia, the Basin Management Approach (BMA) is being implemented by (5)
dividing the country into appropriate water management areas. State 5 water
basins in Namibia.
6.2 Explain the five main WRM issues & challenges that led to the formation of BMCs (5)
in Namibia.
6.3. Explain the seven main functions of basin management committees (BMCs) in (5)
Namibia.
[15]
QUESTION 7
7.1,
Define the term Landscape Conservation Areas (LCAs).
(2)
7.2.
Discuss the value/purpose of Landscape Conservation Areas (LCAs)
(8)
7.3.
Discuss three key challenges in each of the following LCAs of Namibia.
a) Greater Waterberg Landscape
(6)
b) Greater Sossusvlei — Namib Landscape
(6)
[22]
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QUESTION 8
8.1 What is the aim of forming a Community Forest?
(2)
8.2. Alocal community in Omauni, Ohangwena region is in the process of establishing (8)
a community forest (CF). As a Nature Conservation student, doing your Work
Integrated Learning (WIL) within the Directorate of Forestry, state the eight
requirements that are important for this local community to obtain forest
resource management rights (for registering a CF) as described in the Forest Act
No. 12 of 2001.
[10]
QUESTION 9
Namibia has a total of more than 20 Protected Areas (Game Parks and Nature Reserves),
covering 17% of the country’s land surface.
9.1 Tsau //Khaeb National Park (Sperrgebiet National Park) is one of the National
(3)
park with high value in Namibia, and listed as one of the world’s top 34
‘biodiversity hotspots’. Explain the reasons why the Succulent Karoo of the
Tsau //Khaeb National Park (Sperrgebiet National Park) was listed as one of the
world’s top 34 ‘biodiversity hotspots’.
9.2 What are the key management issues in Etosha National Park?
(7)
[10]
QUESTION 10
10.1. Distinguish between Transfrontier Parks (TFPs) and Transfrontier Conservation (4)
Areas (TFCAs).
10.2. | Name the two TFPs that Namibia is involved in.
(2)
10.3. | Mention the four primary aims of TFPs and TFCAs.
(4)
[10]
QUESTION 11
In each case, what does the acronym stand for? Also indicate the aim or mission of
each of the organizations.
11.1. NNE
(2)
11.2. NBRI
(2)
11.3. NDT
(2)
11.4. | NaDEET
(2)
11.5. EHRA
(2)
[10]
TOTAL: 150 marks