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LEC812S - LABOUR ECONOMICS - 2ND OPP - NOV 2025 |
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nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTY OF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCES, AND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR RELATIONS DEGREE
QUALIFICATION CODE: 0SBERLH
LEVEL: 8
COURSE CODE: LEC812S
COURSE NAME: LABOUR ECONOMICS
SESSION : NOVEMBER 2025
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER: THEORY
MARKS: 100
EXAMINER
2nd OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
Ms Martha Namutuwa
MODERATOR:
Mr. Elias Amunyela
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
THIS EXAMINATION PAPER CONSISTS OF 4 PAGES INCLUDING THE COVER PAGE.
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READ THE QUESTIONS BELOW CAREFULLY AND ANSWER ALL OF THEM.
SECTION A
40 Marks
Question 1
1.1 Explain productivity and discuss its various forms with the aid of the formulae? 10 Marks
1.2 Discuss the reasons for studying labour economics and what critical information does it
provides?
10 Marks
1.3 Explain the Market Supply of Labour when the wage rate increases with the aid of a
diagramme?
10 Marks
1.4 Discuss several reasons that causes wage differentials in the labour Market? 10 Marks
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SECTION B
60 Marks
Question 2
Read the Namibian newspaper extract below and answer the questions that follow.
"High Unemployment: Do What's Right, Namibia".
As a qualified unemployed nurse, I and many Namibians, particularly the youth, are going
through turbulent times. Media reports on the country's unemployment crisis have left many
Namibians wondering about this sad reality. The statistics are alarming. We are ranked the
second most unequal country in the world, following South Africa . More than half of
Namibia's voting population are experiencing the harsh reality of unemployment and
numerous challenges that hinder their growth and development.
This will have an impact on this year's election. On Independence Day last year, unemployed
young people took to the streets to protest joblessness. The same happened this year. In
August last year, Namibia experienced a poor turnout on Heroes Day. This is an indication
that many Namibians are tired of empty promises. History has not solved any serious issue,
like hunger, poverty, or joblessness. It is a well-known fact that our country is not divided by
tribalism or gender issues; we are divided by socio-economic inequalities, poverty, a high
unemployment rate, corruption and the mismanagement of resources. Unemployment
reduces people's social capital and participation, cutting them off from networks and
relations which is the bridge to re-employment. It is bad that many Namibians live in shacks,
while others are homeless, and many are poor and unable to afford a home. There are many
challenges in addressing the unemployment rate in Namibia. Let's turn those challenges into
opportunities and turn our words into practice. Political philosopher Frantz Fanon once said
each generation must discover its own mission, "fulfil it or betray it".
Everything falls or rises on leadership. As a youth activist, I am optimistic that Namibia has
the potential to achieve a more than 70% employment rate. We have the right population,
and the country is blessed with an abundance of riches below and above ground. I also believe
if I can help resolve some of the issues affecting me and my people in any way even by 1%,
then I must do so. I therefore submit that we should have an employment creation
conference. The government, private sectors, young people, labour experts, communities,
traditional authorities, religious leaders and political leaders should sit in one chamber for at
least for two weeks to craft a new social contract for economic growth and employment
creation. Furthermore, there is a need to learn from other countries' employment creation
initiatives. This would give Namibia pointers on how to tackle the unemployment challenge.
For example, Argentina has a successful job guarantee programme, so there is a lot we can
learn from that country. Singapore is another country we should learn from. Together we will
be able to realise our full potential as a nation. Young people don't lose hope, the future looks
promising. In conclusion, the state has a big responsibility to create a conducive environment
for economic growth and job creation.
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Professor Lumumba once said if young Africans have one duty, it is to irritate those in power
in such an organised manner that they have no choice but to do what is right. Adopted from
(The Namibian, 31 March 2024, Alfeus Hamundja)
2.1 Analyse the Namibian article above identify and discuss the two types of unemployment
that is being narrated and what are their consequences. In addition, explain the other
three types of unemployment you learned?
20 Marks
2.2 Explain why the individual employee or employer have no equal power to solve labour
relations issues, in addition identify the mechanism that can be put in place to protect
employees according to the International Labour Organisation and international labour
standards?
20 Marks
2.3 Discuss the determination of wages in the Monopsony and Dual labour markets?lO Marks
2.4 Explain the factors that affect the Market labour demand?
10 Marks
[TOTAL MARKS 100)
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