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WAS512S - WATER AND SANITATION - 1ST OPP - JANUARY 2025 |
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nAm I BIA UnlVE RSITY
OF SCIEnCE
FacultoyfHealthN, atural
ResourceasndApplied
Sciences
Schoool f HealthSciences
DepartmentofPreventative
HealthSciences
13JacksonKaujeuaStreet T: +264612072970
Private Bag13388
F: •264 612079970
Windhoek
E: dphs@nust.na
NAMIBIA
W: www.nust.na
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08 BOHS
LEVEL:5
COURSE: WATER AND SANITATION
COURSECODE: WAS512S
DATE: JANUARY 2025
SESSION: 2
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY /SUPPLEMENTARY: EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER:
MODERATOR:
MRS. MOUYELELE HAUFIKU
MS. CHARMAINE JANSEN
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions on the separate answer sheet.
2. Please write neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS: NONE
This examination paper consists of 4 pages, including the front page.
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SECTION A: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Differentiate between the following terms.
1.1 Permeable and impermeable
1.2 Communicable and Non-communicable diseases with examples
1.3 Shallow well and deep well
1.4 Potable and Raw water
[30 MARKS]
[10 MARKS]
[2]
[4]
[2]
[2]
QUESTION 2
2.1 Classify the following
water- related
diseases as water-borne,
water-washed,
[10 MARKS]
water-based and
2.1.1 Giadiasis
[1]
2.1.2 Conjunctivitis
[1]
2.1.3 Shigellosis
[1]
2.1.4 Schistosomiasis
[1]
2.1.5 Malaria
[1]
2.2 Interpret the following abbreviations in the context of water and sanitation
2.2.1 TCU
[1]
2.2.2 TC
[1]
2.2.3 MAWF
[1]
2.2.4 COD
[1]
2.2.5 WWTP
[1]
Water and Sanitation (WAS512S)
2NDOpportunity January 2025
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QUESTION 3
[10 MARKS]
3.0 Match the concepts in Column A to their most correct statement in Column B. Write the concept
number and the letter representing the correct statement on your answer sheet.1 mark each
No COLUMNA
COLUMNB
3.1 Abstraction
A A hole dug in the ground serving as soak away.
3.2 Colloids
B
The process of taking water from the source so that it
can be used.
3.3 Surface water
C Water that is pleasant to drink because its taste is good
but it may not be safe to drink.
3.4 Soak pit
D Parasitic worm that grow and multiply in sewage and
wet soil.
3.5 Helminths
E Means water in rivers, lakes, pools, and ponds.
3.6
Palatable water
3.7 Black water
3.8 Sedimentation
3.9 Distillation
F Water is heated to steam, which is then cooled and
collected as liquid, leaving behind microorganisms.
G It is also called clarification.
H The means of collecting and disposing of excreta and
community liquid waste in a hygienic ways as not to
endanger the health of individuals.
I
Disturbed, muddy appearance of water.
3.10 Turbidity
J
These are low diameter particles which are responsible
for the turbidity or the colour of surface water.
SECTION B: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
Please answer ALL the questions in this section.
QUESTION 4
[30 MARKS)
[10 MARKS]
4.0 Polio is the disease caused by the poliovirus, which spreads primarily through the fecal-oral route.
4.1 List five (5) symptoms of Non-paralytic Polio.
[5]
4.2 List five (5) symptoms of Paralytic polio.
[5]
Water and Sanitation (WAS512S)
2N°Opportunity January2025
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QUESTION 5
[20 MARKS]
5.1 State any six (6) Advantages of an ecological sanitation latrines.
[6]
5.2 Explain the four (4) key principles of ecological sanitation latrines.
[8]
5.3 Mention the six (6) factors to consider in selecting a site for constructing waste
stabilization ponds.
[6]
SECTION C:
[40 MARKS]
QUESTION 6
[40 MARKS]
6.1 In water treatment, sedimentation, or the removal by gravitational settling of suspended
particles heavier than water, is perhaps the most widely useful operation. The water is
allowed to sit in a large settling tank. The heavier floes settle to the bottom, forming
sludge, which is later removed. This process effectively removes larger suspended
particles and some organic matter. Discuss the factors that influence effective
sedimentation processes.
[20]
6.2 Discuss Schistosomiasis under the following headings:
6.2.1 Explain how Schistosomiasis is transmitted/ life cycle.
[14]
6.2.2 Outline any six (6) prevention and control measures for Schistosomiasis.
[6]
END OF QUESTION PAPER
Water and Sanitation (WAS512S)
2N°Opportunity January2025
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