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MLM711S - MEDICAL LABORATORY MANAGEMENT - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2022 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEn CE Ano TECHn OLOGY
Faculty of Health, Applied Sciences and Natural Resources
Department of Health Sciences
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF MEDICAL LABORATORYSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BMLS
LEVEL: 7
COURSE: MEDICAL LABORATORYMANAGEMENT
COURSE CODE: MLM711S
DATE: June 2022
SESSION:
DURATION: 3 Hours
MARKS: 120
EXAMINER(S)
MODERATOR:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
Dr Elzabe van der Coif
Dr Vincent Nowaseb
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions.
2. Please write neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
Permissable material
Non programmable calculator is allowed.
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF _8_ PAGES (Including this front page)
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SECTION A {60 MARKS)
QUESTION 1
[20]
Evaluate the statements in each numbered question and select the most
appropriate answer or phrase from the given possibilities. Write the
appropriate letter next to the number of the statement/phrase. ONE mark for
each correct answer.
1.1 The following is not one of the main functions of a professional association:
A. To set and control standards for education of professionals
B. To develop and promote the interests of the members
C. To promote good working conditions for members
D. To provide opportunities for continuous professional development
E. To promote the status and recognition of the profession
1.2 The entire chain of storage facilities and transportation links through which
supplies move from the manufacturer to the consumer:
A. Lead time
B. Pipeline
C. Review period
D. Point of order
1.3 A type of budget which is continuous and updated periodically:
A. Flexible budget
B. Program budget
C. Capital budget
D. Rolling budget
E. Revenue budget
1.4 The following is true when making business decisions:
A. When cost increases, profit will decrease
B. When cost increases, profit will increase
C. When volumes increase, profit and cost will decrease
D. When cost increases, profit will stay the same
1.5 The following does not apply to cash flow:
A. Begin with net income
B. Subtract non-cash expenses (depreciation and amortization)
C. Subtract debt service (loan back payment)
D. The gross income of the laboratory (before subtractions) is available to
spend on capital items
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1.6 The number of cases that existed in a population over a given time period:
A. Incidence
B. Prevalence
C. Point prevalence
D. Epidemic
1.7 Information which is in the form of data:
A. Can lead to an increase in uncertainty
B. Can lead to a decrease in understanding
C. Can lead to a decrease in uncertainty and an increase in understanding
D. Need not be presented within a context that gives it meaning and
relevance
1.8 The following question need not be considered during problem solution and
feedback:
A. Who needs to know of this decision?
B. What action must be taken?
C. Who is to take the action?
D. Is the action feasible?
E. Will all staff members agree with the solution?
1.9 During the problem-solving process the next step to take after problem
identification:
A. Criteria establishment
B. Decision making
C. Problem analysis
D. Problem solution and feedback
1.10 When developing a QC programme, you need not include the following in the
comprehensive training programme:
A. How to use control materials and prepare them for use
B. How to calculate the mean and standard deviation from known QC data
over time
C. How to interpret QC patterns e.g. shifts
D. Error that requires immediate action and error that does not require
immediate action
E. The criteria for selection of QC material
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1.11 The following is not an attribute of the consensus method for decision-making:
A. This is the centerpiece of effective teams
B. Requires unity
C. Requires unanimity
D. Concurrence occurs, but not consistency
E. Everyone agrees to support the outcome
1.12 Problem solution and feedback is converting the decision into action. The next
step in the process after the written action plan has been completed:
A. Assign responsibility
B. Identify detailed steps to be taken
C. Identify resources required
D. Implement monitoring loop
1.13 The following is true about innovators in their problem-solving style:
A. Focused on resolving problems
B. Rarely challenge rules: methodical, reliable and efficient
C. Use logic and analysis and ask "Why"
D. Question current practice and promote change
1.14 This is not a commercial control product:
A. In-kit controls
B. Instrument manufacturer controls
C. Patient pools
D. Independent third-party controls
1.15 The following is not true about function checks on an instrument as part of the
maintenance programme:
A. Part of daily maintenance eg. cleaning of optical lenses
B. Monitoring of instrument parameters to verify that your equipment is
working according to the manufacturer's specification
C. Performed periodically - daily, weekly, monthly
D. Performed after major instrument repair
1.16 Job descriptions include all of the following except:
A. Qualifications required
B. Supervisory controls
C. Technical details
D. Statement of duties to perform
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1.17 The following is true regarding performance management, except:
A. Conducted only upon request
B. A 4-point scale is appropriate
C. Involves the employee and supervisor
D. There are two types: criteria and competency based
1.18 The employee evaluation instrument should relate to:
A. A job description
B. Performance standards
C. Reward system
D. A and C
E. All of the above
l.l9 Advantages of excellent communication and interpersonal skills include:
A. All employees understand the direction of the organization
B. Speeds up the decision process
C. Creates proactive behavior
D. Improves all working relationships
E. All of the above
1.20 In order to calculate the negative predictive value of a test you need to
consider the following values:
A. True positive and true negative
B. True positive and false positive
C. False negative and true negative
D. True positive and false negative
E. False positive and true negative
QUESTION 2
[20]
Match each term in the first column with the correct description in the second
column. Only write the number and the letter. (Two marks each)
Procurement term
2.1.Review period
2.2.Emergency
order point
2.3.Lead time
2.4.Pipeline
Description
A. The entire chain of storage facilities from
manufacturer to consumer
B. When an order must be placed to avoid a stock out
regardless of whether it is the end of review period
C. Stock level above which inventory levels should not
rise under normal conditions
D. Stock previously ordered but not yet received
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2.5. Minimum stock
level
2.6.Maximum stock
level
2.7.Safety stock
2.8.Average
monthly
consumption
2.9.Quantity
on
order
2.10.Maximum-
minimum Inventory
control system
E. Between ordering of stock and when stock is ready
for use
F. The time schedule for reviewing stock levels
G. Stock level when actions should occur to replenish
stock
H. A system that ensures that quantities in stock fall
in an established range
I. Average quantities used in most recent three or six
months
J. Reserve stock kept on hand to protect against stock
outs
QUESTION 3
[20]
3.1
Explain what determines the type of group involvement from members in a
group when a decision needs to be taken?
(4)
3.2 Describe the "5-Why" approach to problem solving
(4)
3.3
Discuss the decision-making style of innovators and list two characteristics of
innovators
(5 )
3.4 List what is achieved with a good equipment management programme.
(5)
3.5 Define the efficiency of a diagnostic test.
(2)
SECTION B (60 MARKS)
QUESTION 4
[10]
4.1 Name the four (4) criteria which a job must meet to be classified as a
profession.
(4)
4.2 Justify why it is necessary for a Medical Laboratory Scientist to hold a
professional registration.
(4)
4.3 The administrator requests information from all departments regarding
detailed laboratory information. As laboratory manager, you respond with a
short memo. The administrator emails you, indicating that your response was
inadequate. Which type of written communication would have been
appropriate and why?
(2)
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QUESTION 5
[10]
You are the manager of a busy private laboratory. Your bench supervisor in
Haematology reports that all three haemoglobin controls have been out of 2
SD limits for three days in a row. Use the fish bone diagramme to determine
the root cause of the problem.
QUESTION 6
[9]
You have been tasked to develop a QA plan for Excellent Medical Laboratory.
You have developed the whole plan and now you need to implement it. Explain
how you would implement the Quality Assurance plan by using three
processes and procedures. (3x3=9)
[9]
QUESTION 7
You want to introduce a new test into the laboratory and need to determine
the profitability of this test.
Costsper month:
• Total fixed cost
• Total net income
• Revenue per test:
• Variable cost per test:
N$ 20.00
N$ 40.00
N$ 50.00
N$ 40.00
7.1 Determine the break-even point.
(6)
7.2 State what number of tests will have to be performed to make a profit.
(1)
7.3 Define variable cost.
(2)
QUESTION 8
[12]
Two control vendors are trying to sell you a general chemistry control product.
One vendor is much cheaper than the other. Discuss four aspects which you
should consider carefully before making a decision about which product to
buy. Explain why each of these are important considerations when purchasing
quality control material. (4x3=12)
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QUESTION 9
[10]
Defend the following statement: 'Human capital is a more valuable asset than
equipment in a medical laboratory'. Justify your answer.
End of question paper. Good luck!
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