 |
GEP521S-GASTRO-INTESTINAL AND ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY - JAN 2020 |
|
|
1 Page 1 |
▲back to top |
NAMIBIA UNIVERSITY
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF HEALTH AND APPLIED SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SCIENCES
QUALIFICATIONS: BACHELOR OF HUMAN NUTRITION
QUALIFICATION CODE: O8BOHN
COURSE CODE: GEP521S
LEVEL: 5
COURSE NAME: GASTRO-INTESTINAL AND
ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY
SESSION:
JANUARY 2020
PAPER:
THEORY
DURATION:
3 HOURS
MARKS:
100
SUPPLEMENTARY / SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) | DR LARAI AKU-AKAI
MODERATOR: | MS ELZABE VAN DER COLF
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS
1. None
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 4 PAGES (Excluding this front page)
|
|
2 Page 2 |
▲back to top |
SECTION A
Question 1
Select the correct answer from the options. (1 Mark for each correct answer)
(20 marks)
(14)
1.1
Intrinsic factor would be missing from the stomach contents of a person lacking:
chief cells
G-cells
mucus cells
parietal cells
islets of langerhans cells
1.2 The chemical digestion of this class of compounds begins in the mouth:
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Water
d. Nucleic acids
e. Vitamins
1s The bulk of digestive enzymes are secreted at this site:
the mouth
the small intestine
the oesophagus
the stomach
none of them
1.4 An abnormal protrusion of the abdominal contents from a weakness in the
abdominal wall is called:
a. diverticulum
b. fistula
c. rugae
d. hernia
e. torsion
1,5 Excessive absorption of which substance is responsible for Wilson’s disease?
a. iron
b. copper
c. magnesium
d. calcium
e. zinc
1.6 Which of the following is not a feature of micronutrient deficiency?
a. Fat accumulation
Fluid accumulation
Thin skin and hair
Cracked lips and bleeding gums
Paleness of the palms and gums
|
|
3 Page 3 |
▲back to top |
1.7 Backward movement of food from the large intestine to the small intestine is
prevented by:
ileoceacal valve
pyloric canal
lower oesophageal sphincter
pyloric sphincter
gastric juices
1.8 The effect of hormones released through a duct that drains at the site of action is
called:
Neuroendocrine
Endocrine
Paracrine
Exocrine
Autocrine
1.9 Acid reflux into the oesophagus occurs in:
Achalasia
Oesophageal atresia
Trachea-oesophageal fistulae
Dysphagia
Barrett oesophagus
1.10 The following is true regarding bicarbonate secretion in the GIT except:
Secreted by pancreas and intestinal mucosal cells
It protects the mucosal lining of the stomach
It protects the mucosal lining of the mouth
It protects the mucosal lining of the intestines
It activates the digestive enzymes in the small intestine
1.11 Adrenal hyper-function, resulting from diseases located in the adrenals or other
organs outside the brain is known as:
Cushing’s syndrome
Sheehan’s syndrome
Cushing’s disease
Adreno-genital syndrome
Graves’ disease
Leki Acromegaly is typically produced by tumours of the:
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenals
Testis
|
|
4 Page 4 |
▲back to top |
1.13. Which of the following hormones regulates the homeostasis of potassium and
sodium?
a. Calcitonin
b. Parathyroid hormone
c. Androgen
d. Aldosterone
e. Glucagon
1.14 Stools contain excess fat:
a. Fistulas
b. Steatorrhoea
c. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
d. Amoebiasis
e. Osmotic diarrhoea
Indicate which of the following statements is True or False. (1 Mark for each correct
answer)
(6)
1.15 Growth hormone suppression tests involve oral glucose intake.
1.16 Diabetes accounts for almost half of all traumatic amputations.
1.17 Intrinsic factor is required for the intestinal absorption of vitamin D in the upper
ileum.
1.18 Thyroid hormone in circulation is more than 90% protein bound.
1.19 Reverse T3 (rT3) is produced in higher amounts in preparation for ‘fight and flight’.
1.20 Positive feedback is responsible for control of hormone secretion from most glands.
SECTIONB
Question 2
2.1 Describe the meaning of the following terms:
2.1.1 Ketogenesis
2.1.2 Glycogenolysis
2.1.3. Anabolism
2.2.4 Hypoglycaemia
2.2.5 Absorption
(22 marks)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.2
Discuss the hormones that maintain blood sugar levels between meals and their
actions.
(12)
|
|
5 Page 5 |
▲back to top |
Question 3
(20 marks)
3.1 Describe the functions of the liver, highlighting its blood supply and architecture
which allows it to serve its functions.
(8)
3.2 For any3 sites of the GIT, mention its role in digestion and absorption, at least 1
disorder that can affect nutrition and state how nutrition can be affected due to the
disorder.
(Each site earns 4 marks x 3 = 12)
SECTION C
Question 4
4.1 A 35 year old woman has been diagnosed with Cushing’s syndrome.
(38 marks)
4.1.1 Discuss all the hormones that are implicated in this disease process directly
or indirectly and the expected derangement in their levels in this
condition.
(8)
4.1.2 Describe the manifestation of Cushing’s syndrome.
(10)
4.2 A mother complains to you about her 4 year old son whose legs have been growing
in a distorted manner such that they are bent in a bow. You asked further and
realised that the boy has not started school and is indoors most of the day since the
mother does not feel comfortable allowing him to play outside for fear of him being
injured.
4.2.1 What disease do you think this boy has and what nutrient is he lacking? (2)
4.2.2. Mention the risk factors of this disease?
(3)
4.2.3. Enumerate other clinical features you would expect to find in the child. (5)
4.2.4 What advice would you give this mother to contribute to the child’s
improvement?
(3)
4.3 A young woman has noticed that she has been losing weight progressively, though
she has a huge appetite recently. She has also been told by her family members that
she has been acting unusually as she is quite hyperactive, complains
disproportionately about being hot even when everyone else is cold, and her eyes
are protruding. In addition, she has noticed a swelling in her neck.
4.3.1 What condition do you suspect this woman has?
(1)
4.3.2 Highlight the dietary element implicated this condition and what is being
done to prevent deficiency in the general population.
(2)
4.3.3. Describe the actions of the hormone in this disease and the mechanism
through which it causes weight loss.
(4)
Good luck!!!