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MMB611S - MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A - 1ST OPP - JUNE 2023 |
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nAmlBIA UnlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURALRESOURCES
SCHOOLOF HEALTHSCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF CLINICALHEALTHSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF MEDICAL LABORATORYSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION CODE: 08BMLS
LEVEL: 8
COURSECODE: MMB611S
COURSENAME: MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A
SESSION:
JUNE 2023
PAPER:
THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS:
120
FIRSTOPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S)
MS FREDRIKAENGELBRECHT
MODERATOR:
MS VANESSATJIJENDA
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
1. Calculator
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 9 PAGES(Including this front page)
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MMB 611S-MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
SECTION A
(25)
QUESTION 1
[10]
Assessthe following statements and decide whether they are true or false. Write only the
number of the question and next to it TRUEfor a true statement. For all FALSEstatement,
indicate that it is false and provide a rationale.
1.1 The outer rings of the basal body of bacterial flagella function as bearings,
minimizing friction and leakage of materials from the cell at the points of
flagellar insertion.
1.2 Clumping factor is a cell-associated substance that binds plasma fibrinogen,
causing agglutination of the organisms by binding them together with
aggregated fibrinogen.
1.3 A convalescent carrier is an individual who is incubating the pathogen in
large numbers but is not yet ill.
1.4 The enzyme tryptophanase can be detected by oxidase test.
1.5 Malachite green in the Lowenstein Jensen medium enhances the growth of
Mycobaterium tuberculosis and serves as a carbon source.
1.6 Classification of organisms is the process of systematically dividing them into groups,
with species being the smallest and most definite level of division.
1.7 Phenols act by denaturing bacterial proteins and disrupting of bacterial cell
membranes.
QUESTION 2
[15]
Choose the correct answer and report only the suitable letter next to the relevant question
number.
2.1 Povidone-iodine is considered to be a
A) lodophore.
B) Aldehyde.
C) Phenol.
D) Halogen.
(1)
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MMB 611S-MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
2.2 Tyndallisation can be defined as:
A) A method used to destroy certain micro-organisms in milk, other dairy
products and alcoholic beverages
B) The material is heated to 62 °C for 30 minutes followed by rapid cooling.
C) Heating of the material at 90 to 100 °C for 30 minutes on each of 3
consecutive days and incubating the material at 37 °C in between.
D) Materials to be autoclaved are placed in an oven at a temperature of
160 - 170 °C for 2 - 3 hours.
(1)
2.3 Potassium tellurite blood agar is:
A) A selective media due the presence of the tellurite.
B) A differential media for Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
C) A differential media because of the presence of the tellurite
D) All of the above.
(1)
2.4 The hook of bacterial flagella
A)
Is a ring structure attached to the cell membrane.
B) Permits the transmission of a rotary motion.
C) Minimize friction and leakage of material.
D) Able to alter the expressed antigenic type.
(1)
2.5 The potassium hydroxide test yields
A) A string formation for gram negative bacteria.
B) A string formation for gram positive bacteria.
C) Bubble production for gram positive bacteria.
D) Bubble production for gram negative bacteria.
(1)
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MMB 611S - MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
2.6 Extracelluar coagulase is tested for by means of
A) Tube coagulase test.
B) Slide coagulase test.
C) Both tube and slide coagulase.
D) Rapid thermonuclease test.
(1)
2.7 The mode of action employed by quaternary ammonium compounds is:
A)
Disrupting of bacterial cell membranes.
B) Modifying of bacterial DNA.
C) Denaturing of bacterial proteins.
D) Inactivation of essential metabolic compounds.
(1)
2.8 End stage kidney disease is associated with the presence of
A) White cell casts.
B) Broad granular casts.
C) Red cell casts.
D) Waxy casts.
(1)
2.9 Porin proteins can:
A) Activate complement.
B) Stabilizes the cell wall.
C) Attach to the core polysaccharide.
D) Limit passage of many antimicrobial agents.
(1)
2.10 Fluorophores lose their ability to fluoresce through:
A) Exposure to strong acids.
B) Exposure to direct sunlight.
C) Exposure to strong alkalis.
D) When stored in a dark room.
(1)
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MMB 611S - MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
2.11 Normal flora inhibit other bacteria through:
A) the production of bacteriocins.
B) competing with potential pathogens for food and lodging site.
C) influencing clearing mechanisms to get rid of the pathogen.
D) All of the above.
(1)
2.12 Iatrogenic infection can be defined as:
A) An illness that can be transmitted from an external source to a patient.
B) An infection produced by medical interventions.
C) An illness that can be transmitted from patient to patient.
D) An illness caused by a replicating or multiplying of an external agent.
(1)
2.13 The mode of action employed by quaternary ammonium compounds is:
A) Denaturing of bacterial proteins.
B) Inactivation of essential metabolic compounds.
C) Disrupting of bacterial cell membranes.
D) Modifying of bacterial DNA.
(1)
2.14 A bacterial colony can be explained as:
A) a Pile or mass of a sufficiently large number of cells.
B) a Mass of cells growing on solid media.
C) Bacterial pile on solid media, visible to the naked eye.
D) All of the above.
(1)
2.15 Organisms with flagella over the entire cell surface are termed
A) Amphitrichous
B) Amphi-lophotrichous
C) Peritrichous
D) Lophotrichous
(1)
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MMB 611S- MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
SECTIONB
(55)
QUESTION 3
[17]
3.1 Illustrate by means of a drawing how the following crystals would look in a urine
wet preparation.
A) Calcium oxalate crystals.
(1)
B) Uric acid crystals.
(1)
C) Triple phosphate crystals.
(1)
D) Cystine crystals.
(1)
3.2 Compare in a table form, the functions of selective, differential and enriched
media.
(4)
3.3 Match the following slides with the relevant stain used in the on it:
3.3.1
, "··-
3.3.2
A) Negative staining
(1)
B) Ziehl-Neelson stain
(1)
C) Shaeffer-Fulton
(1)
D) Capsule stain
(1)
3.3.3
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MMB 611S-MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
3.3.4
3.4 Judge the following statement by stating if it is true or false and defend your
opinion. The epidermis is not a good environment for colonization.
(5)
QUESTION 4
[20]
4.1 A first year Medical Laboratory Sciences student was instructed to prepare
culture media that will support the growth of Haemophillus influenza.
The student comes to you for advice, what would you tell him/her concerning the
following.
A) What culture media will support the growth of Heamophillus influenza?
(1)
B) Why will this medium support the growth of Heamophillus influenza?
(2)
C) What important steps are required to prepare this medium?
(6)
4.2 Discuss the factors during specimen collection that could influence the quality of
the final microbiology laboratory report that will be send to the doctor.
(5)
4.3 Illustrate the different growth phases of bacteria by means of a graph.
(6)
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MMB 6115- MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
QUESTION 5
5.1 Differentiate between the different phases during the bacterial growth curve.
5.2 Explain the principle and the significance of the bile aesculin agar.
[18]
(8)
(10)
SECTION C
(40)
QUESTION 6
6.1 Compare (in a table form) and justify the gram reaction for gram positive and
Gram negative bacteria.
[23]
(11)
6.2 Compose a diagram with labels to illustrate the sporulation process.
(12)
One mark allocated to each illustration and one mark allocated to each description.
QUESTION 7
[17]
7.1 Illustrate the expected positive reactions on a DNAse agar and explain the principle
of a positive reaction that could be seen on a DNAse agar plate.
(12)
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MMB 611S-MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2A: 1st OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION PAPER
JUNE 2023
7.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial agent T by using the information
provided below.
(5)
Phenol Concentration
1:25
1:50
1:75
1:100
1:150
Growth after 5
minutes
+
+
+
+
+
Growth after 10
minutes
-
-
-
+
+
Growth after 15
minutes
-
-
-
-
+
Disinfectant T
Concentration
1:200
1:225
1:250
1:275
1:300
Growth after 5
minutes
+
+
+
+
+
Growth after 10
minutes
-
+
+
+
+
Growth after 15
minutes
-
-
-
+
+
TOTAL:120 MARKS
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