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ANP611S- ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY - 1 st Opp - JUNE 2022 |
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nAm I 8 I A Un IVE RSITV
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
Faculty of Health, Applied Sciences and Natural Resources
Department of Health Sciences
QUALIFICATION: BACHELOROF MEDICAL LABORATORYSCIENCES
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BMLS
LEVEL:8
COURSE: ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY
COURSECODE: ANP611S
DATE: JUNE 2022
SESSION: THEORY
DURATION: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
FIRSTOPPORTUNITYEXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
EXAMINER(S) Ms Roselin Tsauses
MODERATOR: Ms Vanessa Tjijenda
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions.
2. Please write neatly and legibly.
3. Do not use the left side margin of the exam paper. This must be allowed for the
examiner.
4. No books, notes and other additional aids are allowed.
5. Mark all answers clearly with their respective question numbers.
Permissable material
Non programmable calculator is allowed.
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF 4 PAGES(Excluding this front page}
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Section A (10 marks)
Question 1
1. Evaluate the statements in each numbered section and write the
Correct term next to the corresponding number.
[10]
1.1 Cellular degradation due to attack by microorganism.
(1)
1.2 A process to see if you have a disease or condition before you
(1)
have any symptoms of it.
1.3 Self-digestion within the cell; particularly referring to the destruction (1)
of a cell through the action of its own enzymes.
1.4 A condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of (1)
adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level.
1.5 A surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a (1)
corpse by dissection.
1.6 The process by which pathology specimens are inspected with the (1)
bare eye to obtain diagnostic information, while being processed
for further microscopic examination.
1.7 A natural product extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree (1)
called Haematoxylum campechianum.
1.8 Allows for the rapid sectioning of unfixed material by freezing fresh (1)
tissue.
1.9 Routinely used stain in cytology.
( 1)
1.1O An oxidation product of haematoxylin.
(1)
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I.
Section B (31 marks)
Question 2
[20]
2.1 In your own words, explain the main purpose of tissue processing. (5)
2.2 Tabulate the difference between the different stages of tissue .
processing in the histopathology laboratory with reference to the
following:
2.2.1 Stage
(5)
2.2.2 Purpose
(5)
2.2.3 Chemical(s)/ equipment(s) used
(5)
Question 3
3.1 Categorize the different specimen types that can be received for
grossing.
[11]
(5)
3.2 Briefly discuss solutions to the following challenges commonly
experienced during grossing by highlighting its importance:
3.2.1 Overloading of cassettes
(2)
3.2.2 Specimen trauma
(2)
3.2.3 Cross-contamination
(2)
Section C (30 marks)
Question 4
4.1 How are hematoxylins named and classified?
4.2 Tabulate the three (3) main types of hematoxylins used in the
histology laboratory under the following headings:
4.2.1 Type of hematoxylin
4.2.2 Description
4.2.3 Disadvantage
[13]
(1)
(3)
(3)
(3)
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4.2.4 Example
(3)
Question 5
5.1 Explain the principle of the hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain.
5.2 Tabulate the hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain results of the
following components:
[17]
(4)
5.2.1 Collagen
(1)
5.2.2 Acidophilic cytoplasm
(1)
5.2.3 Basophilic cytoplasm
(1)
5.2.4 Nuclei
(1)
5.2.5 Erythrocytes
(1)
5.2.6 Calcium deposits
(1)
5.2.7 Bacteria
( 1)
5.2.8 Mucin
(1)
5.3 Name any five (5) nuclear stains used in histology.
(5)
Section D (29 marks)
Question 6
[16]
6.1 Name five (5) categories into which connective tissues are divided. (10)
Give brief examples of each.
6.2 What is the general rule in trichrome staining?
(3)
6.3 Based on your knowledge about fixation, suggest three (3) ideal
fixatives ideal fixatives for mason's trichrome staining.
(3)
Question 7
[13]
7.1 What is the significance of the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain in
histology?
(2)
7.2 Name at least six (6) PAS reactive cells and tissue components. (6)
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