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CLC621S - CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2B - 2ND OPP - JAN 2023 |
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r
nAmlBIA unlVERSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF HEALTH,APPLIEDSCIENCESAND NATURAL RESOURCES
DEPARTMENTOF HEALTHSCIENCES
QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF MEDICAL LABORATORYSCIENCES
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 08BMLS
LEVEL:6
COURSECODE: CLC621S
COURSENAME: CLINICALCHEMISTRY2B
SESSION:
JANUARY 2023
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER:
MARKS:
THEORY
100
SUPPLEMENTARY/SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION
EXAMINER{S) MR NOEL RUKANDA
MODERATOR: DR MAURICE NYAMBUYA
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Write clearly and neatly.
3. Number the answers clearly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS
1. NON PROGRAMMABLECALCULATOR
THIS QUESTION PAPERCONSISTSOF FOUR PAGES(Including this front page)
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SECTION A [35]
Question 1
[19]
1. Which of the following electrolytes is responsible for the functions listed? Please note that
more than one electrolyte may be responsible.
Ca, K, HCO3,Cl, Mg, Zn, Na
Function
1.1 Neuromuscular excitability
4
1.2 Regulate ion pumps
1
1.3 Blood volume osmolality
3
1.4 Enzyme cofactors
3
1.5 Acid base balance
3
1.6 Heart rhythm and contractility
3
l.7Blood coagulation
2
Question 2
[16]
2. Answer the questions below. Only write the question number and the corresponding answers
2.1 ldentifythe TWO electrolytes which are excreted when sodium is reabsorbed at the tubules.
2
2.2 State the method used to analyse the most electrolytes.
1
2.3 What is the preferred anticoagulant for arterial blood gas collection?
1
2.4 Name TWO electrodes used for measurement of blood gases.
2
2.5 Deduce the type of anemia associated with the following: low total iron, normal ferritin, low
TIBC, Low% saturation and low transferrin.
1
2.6 A patient has a transferrin of 2.25g/L, enumerate the Total Iron Binding Capacity.
1
2.7 Identify the element transported by ceruloplasmin
1
2.8 State TWO main components of serum proteins.
2
2.9 How much urea is passively reabsorbed in the kidneys?
1
2.10 Which test is commonly used as an indicator of Glomerular Filtration rate?
1
2.11 Identify the enzyme reaction whose rate depends on enzyme concentration.
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2.12 Name the lipoprotein which is strongly associated with family history of heart disease.
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2.13 Name the hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose.
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SECTIONB: [25]
Question 3
[15]
SERUM/PLASMA
SODIUM
POTASSIUM
CHLORIDE
CO2
Urea
Creatinine
Glucose
Total Protein
Albumin
Osmolality
CONCENTRATION
107
7.7
107
22
2.9
45
6.3
66
28
280
REFRENCERANGE
136-146m mol/I
3.0-5.Smmol/l
90-110mmol/l
20-30mmol/l
2.9-8.3mmol/l
90-115um mol/L
3.5-5.Smmol/l
65.-80mmol/l
35-S0mmol/l
mOsm/kg
3.1 Comment on the patient's osmolal gap
5
3.2 The patient sample was processed 30hours from collection. Explain the K+ results.
5
3.3 Briefly explain how the patient respond to low Na+ levels.
5
Question 4
[10]
4.1Indicate 5 causes of Metabolic acidosis
5
4.2 Respiratory acidosis
5
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SECTION C [40 marks]
Question 5
[15]
Compare and contrast diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. Please tabulate your answer.
Question 6
115]
Describe the breakdown of red blood cells in the body giving particular attention to the fate of
the different molecules made during the metabolic process.
Question 7
[10]
Describe 5 tests used in management of diabetic patients. Indicate the clinical significance of
each test.
END OF PAPER
Total Marks 100
4