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DMA711S - DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT - 2ND OPP - JULY 2025 |
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nAm I BIA u n IVE RSITY
OF SCIEnCE Ano TECHnOLOGY
FACULTYOF COMMERCE, HUMAN SCIENCESAND EDUCATION
DEPARTMENTOF GOVERNANCEAND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
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QUALIFICATION:BACHELOROF PUBLICMANAGEMENT
QUALIFICATIONCODE: 07BPMN
LEVEL:7
COURSECODE: DMA711S
COURSENAME: DEVELOPMENTMANAGEMENT
SESSION: JULY2025
DURATION: 3 HOURS
PAPER:(PAPER2)
MARKS: 100
SECOND OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
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EXAMINER(S) PIA TEEi<
MODERATOR: MRS D. SHIPENA
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of three (3) questions. You are required to answer ALL
questions.
2. Read the questions carefully.
3. Number your answers clearly and correctly.
4. Please write legibly.
PERMISSIBLEMATERIALS:None
THIS QUESTIONPAPERCONSISTSOF 2 PAGESincluding the front page.
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ANSWER ALLQUESTIONS
Question 1
The humanistic approach to development is centered on active participation of
affected communities in the development process, from the beginning of the process
to the end. Active participation is on the one hand viewed as a means to
empowerment, whilst on the hand viewed as an end to empowerment. Which view do
you agree with and why?
[40]
Question 2
The understanding of development has evolved over the years. Currently, sustainable
development is regarded as the preferred conception to the holistic understanding of
development. However, it has been argued that some of the advocates of sustainable
development tend to have a one-sided understanding, that of purely concentrating on
ecological considerations as opposed to an integrated approach of socio-economic and
ecological considerations. Analyse the negative implications of a one-sided approach
to sustainable development in the context of Africa. In addition, recommend on how
African countries could overcome the enumerated implications.
[40]
Question 3
African societies are structurally patriarchal, often to the disadvantage of women. The
prejudices that women continue to face includes ownership and access to economic
resources, control over the outputs of their labour, and participation in decision-
making at all levels. Critically, analyse the implications of such prejudices on the
empowerment of women in Africa.
[20]
END OF PAPER
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